Synoptic Gospels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Synoptic Gospels - Essay Example 1:1): "1. Since many have undertaken to set down an orderly account of the events that have been fulfilled among us" (Borg, 1999, p.65-8) Tatum (1999, p. 36) argues: "...Gospel origins highlight the theological focus peculiar to each Gospel. There appears to be an appropriate correspondence between the portrayal of Jesus in each Gospel and the social setting of that Gospel. Each writer, therefore, has edited information about Jesus so that the story of Jesus addresses the concerns of the intended readers. The Story of Jesus as the Universal Christ in the Gospel of Luke, for example, was appropriate in a way that the story of Jesus as the Teaching Christ in the Gospel of Matthew would not have been. Like us, the Gospel writers tended to make Jesus over in their own likenesses." The Synoptics vary considerably in length from Mark (the shortest) to Luke (the longest). There are 661 verses, 95 scenes and 80 sayings in Mark; 1068 verses, 117 scenes and 225 sayings in Matthew; as for Luke, it contains 1098 verses, 120 scenes and 182 sayings (Funk et al, 1993, p.45). There are places where the Synoptic Gospels are closely parallel in their recounting of incidents from the life of Jesus. For example, in the "Parable of the Sower" some words and constructions repeat in two or three Gospels: (Matthew 13) 3. " A sower went out to sow. 4. And as he sowed, some [seeds] fell along the path, and the birds came and devoured them. 5. Other [seeds] fell on rocky ground, where they had not much soil, and immediately they sprang up, since they had no depth of soil, 6. but when the sun rose they were scorched; and since they had no root they withered away. 7. Other [seeds] fell upon thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked them. 8. Other [seeds] fell on fine soil and brought forth grain, some a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty. 9. He who has ears [to hear] let him hear." (Mark 4) 3."Listen! A sower went out to sow. 4. And as he sowed, some [seed] fell along the path, and the birds came and devoured it. 5. Other [seed] fell on rocky ground, where it had not much soil, and immediately it sprang up, since it had no depth of soil; 6. and when the sun rose it was scorched, and since it had no root it withered away. 7. Other [seed] fell into thorns and the thorns grew up and choked it, and it yielded no grain. 8 And other [seeds] fell into fine soil and brought forth grain, growing up and increasing and yielding thirtyfold and sixtyfold and a hundredfold." 9. And he said, "He who has ears to hear, let him hear." (Luke 8) 5. "A sower went out to sow his seed; and as he sowed, some fell along the path, and was trodden under foot, and the birds of the air devoured it. 6. And some fell on the rock; and as it grew up, it withered away, because it had no moisture. 7. And some fell among thorns; and the thorns grew with it and choked it. 8. And some fell into good soil and grew, and yielded a hundredfold." As he said this, he called out, "He who has ears to hear, let him hear." At the same time there could be differences in historical details. For example, the story of the healing of the blind man Bartimaeus contains several such differences: in Matthew and Mark, the incident happens as Jesus

Models of Addiction Essay Example for Free

Models of Addiction Essay The addicted person can be a composite of patterns of behavior, predisposition, and social environment. Generally, he is preoccupied with the substance or behavior of choice and will continue to practice the addiction in increasing amounts of time and material. Cessation results in withdrawal symptoms and discomforts both physically and psychologically. In spite of attempts to cut back or cease the activity, the addict will continue to his behavior to his own detriment and destruction. There are many factors that need to be considered when addressing causation, allowing the models of addiction to fall into three basic categories; medical, social, and psychological. Medical Models This model rests on the assumption that disease states are a result of a biological dysfunction, possibly one on the cellular or even molecular level (Doweiko, 2012). The disease or dispositional concept allows the addict to bear no responsibility for the addiction (Jenkins, 2014). Because of underlying physical abnormalities, the addict is not able to control the use of the substance or his behavior. This is the primary way of viewing addictions in the United States, according to Doweiko (2012). The cause here is considered biological or hereditary. A problem here is the potential for denial of personal responsibility. Genetic factors consider vulnerability, predisposition, and how genes come together to increase risk for addiction. Patterns over time and generations can be helpful in research and in understanding possible solutions. This idea is limited in that research is narrowly focused on biological and genetic factors versus other factors.   Social Models This model views peer pressure, social policies, and availability as major contributing influences surrounding addictions. It is mainly concerned with conformance and deviance, what helps, and what is a risk. Unhealthy relationships, dysfunctional families, and environment play a major part in the cause of addiction in this type of model (Jenkins, 2014). Inadequate coping mechanisms and vicarious learning contribute to the problem. The focus is on family, peers, personal relationships, and learned behaviors. The moral volitional or willful sin theory relies on social sanctions to remedy addiction and sees it as a weakness of character. The greatest hope here is that changing peers, places, and things offers recuperation. On a spiritual level, the degrading effects of sin illuminate the need for redemption (Jenkins, 2014). This compulsion is seen as a form of idol worship, as it places the obsession before God. It hinders spiritual growth and alters the image of God within the believer. Social models are limited in that relationships are difficult to measure (Jenkins, 2014). Rather than how the addiction develops, the emphasis is on recovery. Genetic predisposition and other areas are not taken into account or ignored and the individual’s ability to resist is not contemplated. Psychological Models With the rise of psychoanalysis came the psychological models of addiction. The addict is considered as being immature developmentally and as having fundamental traits that contribute to the problem. There is the belief that the dilemma is reinforced both socially and MODELS OF ADDICTION 4 environmentally creating a learned response through classical and operant conditioning (Jenkins, 2014). It is thought that the addict uses defense mechanisms to remain in denial about his predicament and will use cognitive justifications for otherwise unacceptable behavior (Doweiko, 2012). Conclusion From the various models used to understand and explain addiction, it is  apparent that there is an overlapping or interconnection among the theories. This would support an integrated approach to identifying the cause and effects of this problem. When all factors are considered, the puzzle is much easier to put together. Treatment can then be comprised of multiple options and resources making recovery more attainable. References Doweiko, H. 2012. Concepts of chemical dependency , 8th ed. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning Jenkins, D. 2014. Presentation: Models of addiction. Retrieved from http://learn.liberty.edu.

God Is Not Great Essays -- Literary Analysis, Christopher Hitchens

In his book God Is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything, Christopher Hitchens dissects and criticizes the various claims of religions and the tragic events that have been caused by various religions. The title of the book sums up the arguments of Hitchens in this book in the fact that he makes many arguments of why â€Å"religion poisons everything.† The majority of the chapters in this book discuss why he believes religion to be a manmade notion that has led to more trouble than anything else in the world. Most of his focus is on the three Abrahamic religions of Christianity, Islam, and Judaism but he does fit in criticism of other religions as well. The topics he chooses to discuss range from the sketchy origins of Mormonism to the problems with circumcision. Through his various arguments, Hitchens not only claims that religion is manmade, but also that the idea of any type of divine being is absurd. Hitchens makes the argument that there is no divine being by analyzing the various faults of religion. He begins with his own religious falling out during his grade school years and from their goes on to question religion on a larger scale. He spends a good part of the book his book analyzing the wars and suffering caused by people of faith. He questions the customs and ethics of the God in various religious texts. Hitchens focuses all of the attention of the book on the negative aspects of religion and decides that due to these negative aspects of religion there is no higher power to the universe. His argument goes beyond trying to discredit religion, but he sees a call to put an end to religion. He states, â€Å"Above all, we are in need of a renewed Enlightenment, which will base itself on the proposition that the proper study of ... ...uses does have merit because throughout history religion has had its detrimental effects. What Hitchens has done with these examples is tried to present them in a way to make a person not very well informed in reasoning skills to think that religion has caused only bad. He makes statements that paint those with religious beliefs as fanatics with the main purpose of killing those who don’t believe the way they do. By not fully exploring the way in which religion has had beneficial effect, Hitchens has set up an argument that could easily convince people that religion only has negative effects. The next stop on this exploration of this book is chapters seven through nine which reviewer Geoffrey Sutton says â€Å"seems to be the center point in his book† (372). These three chapters go into in depth analysis of the Old Testament, New Testament, and Koran, respectively. God Is Not Great Essays -- Literary Analysis, Christopher Hitchens In his book God Is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything, Christopher Hitchens dissects and criticizes the various claims of religions and the tragic events that have been caused by various religions. The title of the book sums up the arguments of Hitchens in this book in the fact that he makes many arguments of why â€Å"religion poisons everything.† The majority of the chapters in this book discuss why he believes religion to be a manmade notion that has led to more trouble than anything else in the world. Most of his focus is on the three Abrahamic religions of Christianity, Islam, and Judaism but he does fit in criticism of other religions as well. The topics he chooses to discuss range from the sketchy origins of Mormonism to the problems with circumcision. Through his various arguments, Hitchens not only claims that religion is manmade, but also that the idea of any type of divine being is absurd. Hitchens makes the argument that there is no divine being by analyzing the various faults of religion. He begins with his own religious falling out during his grade school years and from their goes on to question religion on a larger scale. He spends a good part of the book his book analyzing the wars and suffering caused by people of faith. He questions the customs and ethics of the God in various religious texts. Hitchens focuses all of the attention of the book on the negative aspects of religion and decides that due to these negative aspects of religion there is no higher power to the universe. His argument goes beyond trying to discredit religion, but he sees a call to put an end to religion. He states, â€Å"Above all, we are in need of a renewed Enlightenment, which will base itself on the proposition that the proper study of ... ...uses does have merit because throughout history religion has had its detrimental effects. What Hitchens has done with these examples is tried to present them in a way to make a person not very well informed in reasoning skills to think that religion has caused only bad. He makes statements that paint those with religious beliefs as fanatics with the main purpose of killing those who don’t believe the way they do. By not fully exploring the way in which religion has had beneficial effect, Hitchens has set up an argument that could easily convince people that religion only has negative effects. The next stop on this exploration of this book is chapters seven through nine which reviewer Geoffrey Sutton says â€Å"seems to be the center point in his book† (372). These three chapters go into in depth analysis of the Old Testament, New Testament, and Koran, respectively.

The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman :: The Yellow Wallpaper Essays

The Yellow Wall Paper: Profound I believe that American Literature is very profound to understand it. It has a lot of meaning that can help us see our American society in a different way or help us understand it better. Everything in American literature is express through words, not images. However, Literature most of the time open our mind to visualized what is being said. In "the Yellow Wall Paper" story, I believe the author is expressing herself through words as if she is describing an abstract painting. I believe this story is not literal. I believe this story is composed as an abstract painting that is full of meaning. Ralph Waldo Emerson was a strong influential on the lives of many writers during the time this story was written. "Emerson's emphasis on individuality, nonconformity, and resistance to traditional authority defines a national identity for Americans still seeking independence from English influence;"(NIck Evans). Now, I believe that Gilman was very much influence by what Emer son said in his lectures during this time. The purpose of this paper is to show how Gilman had a respond to what emerson said through my interpretation of Charlotte Perkins Gilman story. Now, the overall body of this paper is first,I will give many paragraphs with a particular point on each one of them together with my interpretation of each one. My Point is that each paragraph will be adding up to the final Paragraph which will give my final interpretation of the story. In the conclusion, I will restate my interpretation together with some historical facts and emersons ideas that will correspond to my interpretation of Gilman. My goal of this paper is to show how Gilman is using the story like an abstract painting to open the eyes of women to be nonconformists in society and at home. First of all, John and his wife arrived to live in a big house for a short time together with John sister. In this house there is a room with a yellow wall paper. Before they arrive this room was use as a nursery, playroom and gymnasium. I believe this three different functions gives us a summary of the experiences of John's wife in this room. She arrive here to have a "total rest cure" for her depression. What is the significance of the room being a nursery? The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman :: The Yellow Wallpaper Essays The Yellow Wall Paper: Profound I believe that American Literature is very profound to understand it. It has a lot of meaning that can help us see our American society in a different way or help us understand it better. Everything in American literature is express through words, not images. However, Literature most of the time open our mind to visualized what is being said. In "the Yellow Wall Paper" story, I believe the author is expressing herself through words as if she is describing an abstract painting. I believe this story is not literal. I believe this story is composed as an abstract painting that is full of meaning. Ralph Waldo Emerson was a strong influential on the lives of many writers during the time this story was written. "Emerson's emphasis on individuality, nonconformity, and resistance to traditional authority defines a national identity for Americans still seeking independence from English influence;"(NIck Evans). Now, I believe that Gilman was very much influence by what Emer son said in his lectures during this time. The purpose of this paper is to show how Gilman had a respond to what emerson said through my interpretation of Charlotte Perkins Gilman story. Now, the overall body of this paper is first,I will give many paragraphs with a particular point on each one of them together with my interpretation of each one. My Point is that each paragraph will be adding up to the final Paragraph which will give my final interpretation of the story. In the conclusion, I will restate my interpretation together with some historical facts and emersons ideas that will correspond to my interpretation of Gilman. My goal of this paper is to show how Gilman is using the story like an abstract painting to open the eyes of women to be nonconformists in society and at home. First of all, John and his wife arrived to live in a big house for a short time together with John sister. In this house there is a room with a yellow wall paper. Before they arrive this room was use as a nursery, playroom and gymnasium. I believe this three different functions gives us a summary of the experiences of John's wife in this room. She arrive here to have a "total rest cure" for her depression. What is the significance of the room being a nursery?

Al Capone Does My Shirts

He has an autistic sister called Natalie. They move to an apartment at â€Å"The Rock† after their father is able to work as an electrician at Alcatraz. What follows after are the series of escapades that Moose experiences which exposes him to several scrupulous deals making him compromise his integrity.Moose is intrigued that Al Capone lives in one of the prison cells where he lives and so are the other children. They eagerly pay money to have their clothes laundered by Scarface. He still has connections with other people behind bars of Alcatraz and he is able to help Moose.Moose reasoned in a manner that proves quite helpful in the sense that there is a cognitive behavior that the child manifests through obvious exploring and reconstruction of past events. Most of the children there are receptive to new learnings once new opportunities present themselves.The presence of these dangerous criminals in the midst of children, even if these dangerous elements are locked up, give a sense of inner exhilaration to readers who never know what to expect next. Moos Flanagan himself is witty and funny, which makes his character blend well with the other characters in the story.The family experiences several difficulties as it tries to balance their day revolving around Natalie who is afflicted with autism and their other child.   Thus, there is a strange kind of blending between the children of the prison guards and a story that elicits compassion for a children’s story book. It may seem to be quite heavy on the criminal side of the men in prison, but the author gives us a natural, almost necessary kind of kindness for these men who also manage to show kindness to these people.Delinquent activities is not really a normal process of growing up but it is most of the time an impact of a different kind of peer pressure that young people experiences. Young people have different experiences of puberty and adolescence and this experience is in part influenced thr ough the support systems that surround young people.Most of the time, the family or other support systems would not be able to provide effective support system in terms of development of self-image; young people acquire affirmation through peers and other groups. In their wish to feel that they ‘belong’ to a group they commit deviant behaviors (Juvenile Crime).This means that in general, it is not really a normal process, but rather an impact of the difficulty of the family structures to support young people at this important stage of development towards adulthood. Children act like sponges in terms of imbibing information and acquiring knowledge—a generalization that seems to hold whether they are learning how to speak or how to display emotions.It is not a curse for Moose to be responsible as he is wont to think. It balances with his family and environment so he still grows up well-rounded. It has been mentioned that families who are mentally and physically hea lthy are fundamental to a child's optimal growth and education.The kindness of prisoners melts the hearts of readers as Al Capone himself arranges for the help he is going to give readers. Natalie is brought to other families where she learns to interact like any normal child would do. Even if the daughter of the warden is presented as manipulative, yet the author manages to give him a soft heart for the punishment.Of course, we cannot discount the fact that some children have become more aggressive, which is directly correlated with the escalating prominence of violence among adults. Moose’s father warns him to do good for his sister but Piper, the warden’s daughter makes his life miserable by involving him in a moneymaking scheme to have their schoolmates’ clothes laundered by convicts.Piper even goes to the extent to telling schoolmates that Al Capone, the great gangster, may even be the one to wash their clothes.The story is heart-rending as readers are affo rded a glimpse of the relationship between Moose and his sister. We see the concern he has for his sister and is worth emulating. The setting of the story, even is quite serious for a children’s book prepares young readers for more serious themes as they grow up.Children acquire abilities to aggression more readily through constant exposure because they tend to imitate what they constantly see or read. Without doubt, the story plays a potent role on how children respond to different circumstances that they may have watched, read, or listened to.Oftentimes, the behaviors depicted in this story are extremely aggressive. Yet, this story breaks the belief that children believe that aggression is the only solution to a particular situation they are in.Living in a time and culture in which violence infuses numerous facets of society in both fiction and reality—verbal, visual, overt, and implied—and considering the ubiquity and prevalence of all forms of violence aroun d us, exposure to serious themes through the children’s books evidently casts some negative impact upon children. Yet, this book becomes a compassionate read that makes children want to emulate the kindness shown by the main character, Moose.REFERENCECholdenko, G. (March 30, 2004). Al Capone Does my Shirts. Putnam Juvenile   

How Barometers Measure Air Pressure

How Barometers Measure Air Pressure A barometer is a widely used weather instrument that measures atmospheric pressure (also known as air pressure or barometric pressure) the weight of the air in the atmosphere. It is one of the basic sensors included in weather stations. While an array of barometer types exist, two main types are used in meteorology: the mercury barometer and the aneroid barometer. How the Classic Mercury Barometer Works The classic mercury barometer is designed as a glass tube about 3 feet high with one end open and the other end sealed. The tube is filled with mercury. This glass tube sits upside down in a container, called the reservoir, which also contains mercury. The mercury level in the glass tube falls, creating a vacuum at the top. (The first barometer of this type was devised by Italian physicist and mathematician Evangelista Torricelli in 1643.) The barometer works by balancing the weight of mercury in the glass tube against the atmospheric pressure, much like a set of scales. Atmospheric pressure is basically the weight of air in the atmosphere above the reservoir, so the level of mercury continues to change until the weight of mercury in the glass tube is exactly equal to the weight of air above the reservoir. Once the two have stopped moving and are balanced, the pressure is recorded by reading the value at the mercurys height in the vertical column. If the weight of mercury is less than the atmospheric pressure, the mercury level in the glass tube rises (high pressure). In areas of high pressure, air is sinking toward the surface of the earth more quickly than it can flow out to surrounding areas. Since the number of air molecules above the surface increases, there are more molecules to exert a force on that surface. With an increased weight of air above the reservoir, the mercury level rises to a higher level. If the weight of mercury is more than the atmospheric pressure, the mercury level falls (low pressure). In areas of low pressure, air is rising away from the surface of the earth more quickly than it can be replaced by air flowing in from surrounding areas. Since the number of air molecules above the area decreases, there are fewer molecules to exert a force on that surface. With a reduced weight of air above the reservoir, the mercury level drops to a lower level. Mercury vs. Aneroid Weve already explored how mercury barometers work. One con of using them, however, is that theyre not the safest things (after all, mercury is a highly poisonous liquid metal). Aneroid barometers are more widely used as an alternative to liquid barometers. Invented in 1884 by French scientist Lucien Vidi, the aneroid barometer resembles a compass or clock. Heres how it works: Inside of an aneroid barometer is a small flexible metal box. Since this box has had the air pumped out of it, small changes in external air pressure cause its metal to expand and contract. The expansion and contraction movements drive mechanical levers inside which move a needle. As these movements drive the needle up or down around the barometer face dial, the pressure change is easily displayed. Aneroid barometers are the kinds most commonly used in homes and small aircraft. Cell Phone Barometers Whether or not you have a barometer in your home, office, boat, or plane, chances are your iPhone, Android, or another smartphone has a built-in digital barometer! Digital barometers work like an aneroid, except the mechanical parts are replaced with a simple pressure-sensing transducer. So, why is this weather-related sensor in your phone? Many manufacturers include it to improve elevation measurements provided by your phones GPS services (since atmospheric pressure is directly related to elevation). If you happen to be a weather geek, you get the added benefit of being able to share and crowdsource air pressure data with a bunch of other smartphone users via your phones always-on internet connection and weather apps. Millibars, Inches of Mercury, and Pascals Barometric pressure can be reported in any one of the below units of measure: Inches of Mercury (inHg) - Used mainly in the United States.Millibars (mb) - Used by meteorologists.Pascals (Pa) - The SI unit of pressure, used worldwide.Atmospheres (Atm) - Air pressure at sea level at a temperature of 59 Â °F (15 Â °C) When converting between them, use this formula: 29.92 inHg 1.0 Atm 101325 Pa 1013.25 mb Edited by Tiffany Means

Free Essays on Battle Of Midway

The article â€Å"Return to the Battle of Midway† by Thomas B. Allen is a summary of the battle. While Allen tells of the events, he also tells of the stories behind the events. It is interesting to note that the stories came from both sides of the war. Allen found himself on Ballard’s ship, Ballard was the man that found the Titanic, and the people that he interviewed were actually shipmates. They were looking for the Yorktown, a ship that had been sunk by the Japanese. Taisuke Maruyama was in charge of the airplane that bombed the Yorktown. He recalls how he didn’t want to die before dropping the torpedo. The other three survivors on Ballard’s ship aside from Surgi were Harry Ferrier, Yuji Akamatsu, and Haruo Yoshino. They had all been in the air during the battle. They attacked the Arizona and the Oklahoma respectively. Two months later they were on their way to attack the naval base at the Island of Midway. The Japanese were getting ready t o lead a major offensive, spearheaded by four aircraft carriers supported by eleven destroyers, two battleships and three cruisers. As the Japanese sailed toward Midway, they believed that they would be able to surprise the Americans, but in fact, the Americans were ready with the Hornet, the Yorktown, and the Enterprise. Thanks to the American cryptanalysts, the Navy was not taken by surprise. These code breakers sent messages that they knew the Japanese could decipher. American carriers met at â€Å"point Luck† and got ready for battle. The Americans were outnumbered and hoped to find the Japanese first for the upper hand. They found them, and just like American intelligence had expected, the Japanese attacked Dutch Harbor followed by the attack on Midway. Because of this Japanese planes found themselves within a swarm of heavy antiaircraft fire. Even so, the Japanese zeros killed most of the American fighters. American ships were sent to attack Japanese ships, with ... Free Essays on Battle Of Midway Free Essays on Battle Of Midway The article â€Å"Return to the Battle of Midway† by Thomas B. Allen is a summary of the battle. While Allen tells of the events, he also tells of the stories behind the events. It is interesting to note that the stories came from both sides of the war. Allen found himself on Ballard’s ship, Ballard was the man that found the Titanic, and the people that he interviewed were actually shipmates. They were looking for the Yorktown, a ship that had been sunk by the Japanese. Taisuke Maruyama was in charge of the airplane that bombed the Yorktown. He recalls how he didn’t want to die before dropping the torpedo. The other three survivors on Ballard’s ship aside from Surgi were Harry Ferrier, Yuji Akamatsu, and Haruo Yoshino. They had all been in the air during the battle. They attacked the Arizona and the Oklahoma respectively. Two months later they were on their way to attack the naval base at the Island of Midway. The Japanese were getting ready t o lead a major offensive, spearheaded by four aircraft carriers supported by eleven destroyers, two battleships and three cruisers. As the Japanese sailed toward Midway, they believed that they would be able to surprise the Americans, but in fact, the Americans were ready with the Hornet, the Yorktown, and the Enterprise. Thanks to the American cryptanalysts, the Navy was not taken by surprise. These code breakers sent messages that they knew the Japanese could decipher. American carriers met at â€Å"point Luck† and got ready for battle. The Americans were outnumbered and hoped to find the Japanese first for the upper hand. They found them, and just like American intelligence had expected, the Japanese attacked Dutch Harbor followed by the attack on Midway. Because of this Japanese planes found themselves within a swarm of heavy antiaircraft fire. Even so, the Japanese zeros killed most of the American fighters. American ships were sent to attack Japanese ships, with ...

Sentence Structure 101

Sentence Structure 101 One of the first things we learned in English class was the definition of a sentence: a group of words that expresses a complete thought, containing a subject (the person, place or thing about which something is said) and a verb (the action word or words referencing the subject). By this definition, you could make a sentence from two words, such as: I study.Making your writing more appealingTo make our writing appealing and interesting to our readers, however, we should go beyond the two: My best friend and I study every afternoon and complete our assignments. (Subjects: friend, I; Verbs: study, complete).Compound sentencesExpressing two or more related thoughts, compound sentences are joined by either a semicolon or a conjunction (and, but, or, nor, for, yet). When constructing a compound sentence, each complete thought should be able to stand alone as a simple sentence. Example: My best friend and I study every afternoon; we strive to complete our assignments quickly.Complex senten cesWhen a sentence contains at least one complete thought and one or more incomplete thoughts (phrases), you have constructed a complex sentence. Incomplete thoughts begin with words such as after, although, as, as long as, before, unless, though, since, when, if and while. Example: Because my best friend and I study every afternoon, we complete our assignments quickly.Once you understand the architecture of these three sentence types, you can sprinkle your writing with a variety of sentence structures, while always being alert for certain pitfalls, which we will discuss in the next section.Common mistakes when writing sentencesSentence fragmentWhen a period is used after a part of a sentence that does not express a complete thought, this is known as a sentence fragment. Example of sentence fragment: You study every afternoon. Which allows you to complete your assignments quickly.Loose hook: My best friend and I study every afternoon, but my little sister takes dancing lessons on Sa turday.Word omissionOmissions of necessary words results in awkward and unclear writing. It is never advisable to sacrifice clarity for brevity, as your reader will then have to supply the missing words. Example: Studied all afternoon. Assignments completed.Comma faultPlacing a comma between two complete thoughts creates a comma fault. Example: My best friend and I study every afternoon, we complete our assignments quickly. To avoid comma faults, try one of the following:Place periods at the end of each complete thought.Place a semicolon between the complete thoughts.Place a comma and a coordinating conjunction between the complete thoughts.Begin the sentence with an incomplete thought followed by a comma, then end the sentence with a complete thought.Proofreading your sentencesIt is extremely important that sentences are coherent, with words and thoughts connected in proper relationships to avoid misunderstanding on the part of the reader. Always proofread your writing to ensure th at the meaning of each sentence is clear, based on these guidelines:Placement of sentence partsMake sure that words are placed with the unit of thought to which they are related. Misplacing even one word can change the meaning of a sentence, as demonstrated in the following examples:Only I study in the afternoon. (I alone study in the afternoon.)I only study in the afternoon. (I never do anything else in the afternoon.)I study only in the afternoon. (I never study any other time.)Parallel constructionIdeas of equal value in a sentence should be expressed in the same form to help the reader recognize the similarity of the ideas. Study these examples of wrong and corrected parallel construction:(Wrong) When I study in the afternoon, I read my textbook, write my essays and to improve my spelling.(Corrected) When I study in the afternoon, I read my textbook, write my essays and improve my spelling.(Wrong) The three objectives of studying in the afternoon are: (1) to complete assignments quickly, (2) learning to spell and (3) making a good grade.(Corrected) The three objectives of studying in the afternoon are: (1) completing assignments quickly, (2) learning to spell and (3) making a good grade.Complete comparisonWhen making comparisons in your sentences, supply all the words needed to complete the comparative thought.(Wrong) I study faster.(Corrected) I study faster than my best friend.(Wrong) I have been studying longer.(Corrected) I have been studying longer than anyone else in my class.Pronoun reference(This is my worst editing nightmare.) The word to which a pronoun refers must be clear to the reader. It, he, she, they, you and this take the place of nouns (person, places or things), and must agree with the nouns to which they refer so that a consistent viewpoint is maintained. If your reader has to re-read the sentence to determine the noun to which the pronoun refers, then your sentence is faulty.(Wrong) After studying with my best friend, she thought we wo uld get a good grade.(Corrected) After studying with me, my best friend thought we would get a good grade.(Wrong) A student who completes assignments quickly will turn in their work on time.(Corrected) Students who complete assignments quickly will turn in their work on time.The English language is one of the most difficult languages in the world; there are rules, and then there are exceptions to those rules.

Elizabeth Bennet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Elizabeth Bennet - Essay Example (87) Elizabeth is intelligent, and has a quick and lively wit. This in particular distinguishes her from Lydia and Mrs Bennet, because Pride and Prejudice makes heavy use of dialog to characterize people and tell the story. Elizabeth thinks and speaks on a variety of subjects, whereas Lydia and Mrs Bennet are concerned only with parties, officers, and husbands. Elizabeth is sometimes deeply embarrassed by the behavior of her family, and recognizes that Lydia's behavior is out of control in part due to lack of discipline on her mother's part: "supported by [her] mother's indulgence, what chance could there be of improvement" (175) Both Elizabeth and Lydia are vivacious and lively, but while Elizabeth tempers these qualities with good manners and her understanding of and attention to social conventions, Lydia lacks any sort of good judgment. She is unable and unwilling to restrain her impulsive nature, and is never able to understand that her behavior reflects badly on herself and her family. Returning to Longbourne after marrying Wickham, Lydia is unrepentant, full of "ease and good spirits" (255) and thinks only of boasting about her marriage, and other "subjects which her sisters would not have alluded to for the world". (255) Elizabeth shares few, if any qualities with her mother

M7A2- Corporate Social Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

M7A2- Corporate Social Final - Essay Example The paper will provide an introduction of the benefits of CSR, the roles played by technology in enhancing CSR and challenges associated with technology in CSR. Finally, the paper will make recommendations for further research. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) entails all voluntary activities that are undertaken by business organizations in order to promote the social welfare of the society (Benn & Bolton, 2011). Companies participate in CSR through conserving the environment and meeting the differing needs of all stakeholders in the organization. Accordingly, CSR promotes business sustainability through ethical practices, making social investments and ensuring transparency in all business activities (Sims, 2003). Modern corporations adhere promote human rights, environmental protection and diversity in order to meet the social expectations of the society. In deed, CSR ensures that businesses acknowledge the negative impact of their operations on the natural environment in order to undertake measures that will conserve the ecological environment and control climate change (Sims, 2003). Modern technology has played numerous roles in facilitating business operations and CSR activities. For instance, sup erior manufacturing technology leads to higher product quality and efficiency in the manufacturing process thus reducing raw materials wastage. Johnson & Brennan (2002) asserts that the emergence of internet and associated communication technologies has enabled the businesses to monitor the changes in stakeholder needs and establish channels of communication that aim at maintaining cordial relations (Crane, 2008). Proponents of CSR assert that technology can be used to improve the ‘triple bottom line’ through financial, environmental and social returns. In this case, the technology will enhance the human resource processes such as recruitment, retention and risk management in order to minimize instances

Comparing (FASB) Financial Accounting Standands Board vs. GASB Research Paper

Comparing (FASB) Financial Accounting Standands Board vs. GASB (Governmental Accounting Standards Board) - Research Paper Example ard is an autonomous body that works for the establishment and improvement of the financial reporting and accounting standards for the United States of America and its local governments. It was founded in 1984 through the agreement of Financial Accounting Foundation (FAF) along with other 10 national organizations as well as local government. It is recognized by the accounting industry and the government alike for being the source of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) for the local and federal government. (Board, 2010) It brings in to use the useful information for decision making for users of government while and issues communications and standards for guidance. Some of the government users of its information and standards are: Furthermore, the GASB provides services to educate the people involved in preparation of the financial statements, auditors and other users of the financial statements regarding the government requirements to be presented in the financial statements. The Governmental Accounting Standards Advisory Council also advices the GASB which constitutes of a group of 30-members that are chosen by the Financial Accounting Foundation Trustees which are characterize a variety of the GASB’s elements. Managerial costing must apply a foundation of recognition, accounting and calculation concepts as suitable for the purpose that it is intended. The information pertaining to costing which is build up for diverse purposes must be extracted from a source that is common and reports of the production must be reconcilable to one another. The costs of a particular item may be accounted for in different manner and can be analyzed and reported in different ways. The cost accounting principles suggest that managerial cost accounting must supply costing information utilizing a basis of recognition and measurement which is suitable for the intentional application of the information. In case when the cost and managerial cost accounting is employed

Human Resource Management transformation from primarily administrative Research Paper

Human Resource Management transformation from primarily administrative and operational to strategic - Research Paper Example In 1980’s notably the term â€Å"Human Resource Management† was introduced from USA. It indicated that employees are assets for the firm and vital steps should be taken to sustain & retain them. The main transformational period of Human Resource Management started from 1945 when â€Å"Personal Management† was given immense importance due to the post world war II scenario. Employment management & welfare work were categorized in Personal Management. Regarding Personal management, Bill Hewlett, co-founder of Hewlett Packard HP said: â€Å"the role of personnel is to enhance the quality of management†. The core reasons for the transformation of HRM are globalization, market competition, technological advancements and continuous change. The firms realized that productivity of employees depends upon the formulation of policies, if the policies are employee friendly, than eventually working motivational level will increase. Significantly numerous imperative developments were brought in the firms like selection & testing mechanism, negotiation techniques, expansion of management training, reward system etc. Adopting and presenting policies which would benefit both employer and employees is a major concern of Human Resource Management. Success of a business depends upon the organizational behavior. This was one of the core issue raised in the transactional period. CEO of Scandinavian Airline, Jan Carlzon openly presented his viewpoint on strong organizational behavior, which is a fundamental element of a company’s triumph. Adaptations of performance appraisal and compensation packages were highly appreciated by the CEO of General Electric, Jack Welsch. Technical terminologies were implied in the Human Resource Management in late 1990’s such as Job Description, Job analysis, Competencies, Recruitment & Selection, Reward Systems,

Relationship between systematic theology and christian ethics Essay

Relationship between systematic theology and christian ethics - Essay Example Christian ethics is mainly guarded by the biblical scriptures and other sacred teachings. In essence, ethics plays a significant role in molding people’s behavior and way of life. In addition, ethics aids in bring order in the society and ensuring that everyone acts accordingly in areas of resident, social gatherings and places of work. In this essay, investigation of the assertion that, there exists a certain relationship between Christian ethics and systematic theology is going to be investigated. Both disciplines focus on instilling good moral values to Christians. In fact, the core objective of these two fields of study is to enhance upright moral behaviors for Christians. For instance, Fedler (2006) argues that Christian ethics provides a guideline on how Christians should conduct themselves in private and public places. Similarly, systematic theology explores the Christian behaviors in order to set a platform for proper application of the Christian ethics. In essence, the two work hand in hand in building and developing the Christianity base. Christians are expected to be good ambassadors of Christ by acting according to the provisions of the bible and other holy texts. According to Christian ethics, a Christian should be an individual whose character is admirable to the members of the society. Actually, Christians should behave in such a way that non-Christians envy to emulate their character. The advancement in technology and education has eroded the good human morals a nd, therefore, systematic theology and Christianethics need to be applied together in order to restore and uphold acceptable morals in the society. According to Jenson (2001), systematic theology is not only an endeavor for Christianity knowledge but also an exposure to God’s truth on humanity. Through systematic theology, people are able to understand the reasons why God ordered some things to be done the way they are done and, this aids in building a well-founded

Human Resource Management transformation from primarily administrative Research Paper

Human Resource Management transformation from primarily administrative and operational to strategic - Research Paper Example In 1980’s notably the term â€Å"Human Resource Management† was introduced from USA. It indicated that employees are assets for the firm and vital steps should be taken to sustain & retain them. The main transformational period of Human Resource Management started from 1945 when â€Å"Personal Management† was given immense importance due to the post world war II scenario. Employment management & welfare work were categorized in Personal Management. Regarding Personal management, Bill Hewlett, co-founder of Hewlett Packard HP said: â€Å"the role of personnel is to enhance the quality of management†. The core reasons for the transformation of HRM are globalization, market competition, technological advancements and continuous change. The firms realized that productivity of employees depends upon the formulation of policies, if the policies are employee friendly, than eventually working motivational level will increase. Significantly numerous imperative developments were brought in the firms like selection & testing mechanism, negotiation techniques, expansion of management training, reward system etc. Adopting and presenting policies which would benefit both employer and employees is a major concern of Human Resource Management. Success of a business depends upon the organizational behavior. This was one of the core issue raised in the transactional period. CEO of Scandinavian Airline, Jan Carlzon openly presented his viewpoint on strong organizational behavior, which is a fundamental element of a company’s triumph. Adaptations of performance appraisal and compensation packages were highly appreciated by the CEO of General Electric, Jack Welsch. Technical terminologies were implied in the Human Resource Management in late 1990’s such as Job Description, Job analysis, Competencies, Recruitment & Selection, Reward Systems,

The case of Chanel and WestWood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The case of Chanel and WestWood - Essay Example The essay "The case of Chanel and WestWood" concerns the Chanel's and WestWood's case. Exclusivity and fashionability are the two concepts which may be directly related in the context of fashion designing. The exclusivity strategy is directly aimed at creating branding opportunities for the business. Branding concept is often reliant on the competitive advantages that a company or a business holds. These branding traits are created rather than adopted from a particular industry. The brand distinction is developed using the strategies which give a unique, new or fashionable product to the consumers in the fashion designing industry. People are often attracted towards the clothing and other accessories which are produced for a limited number of people with a unique idea and suitability with the current trends. These unique products are identified normally with the fashion designers’ name. Their marketing is placed in a way that gives an impression of uniqueness and exceptionalit y of the product design and quality. Hence, exceptionality of a product design should also be accompanied by fashionability of the product in order to attract consumers. An exceptionally expensive item with good quality does not attract customers until it is according to the current fashion and trends in the society. Some distinct businesses which are recognized by their names in attaining the exclusivity in their relative industry include Harvery Nichols in the retail industry, Ferrarri in the automobile industry., Rolex in the watch making industry and so on. Coco Chanel and Vivien Westwood are the two leading names in the fashion designing industry which make use of the exclusivity concept keeping fashionability as their core value and meeting consumer expectations as their aim. The goodwill and trademarks of fashion designers play a vital role in the success of their products. They launch new variety and people go for it as their distinct position in the market assures reliabili ty of their materials and designs. Fashion designing industry is highly demanding and requires continuous changes in designs. Creativity is the main factor in the success of fashion designing career. The well known fashion designers use a number of marketing strategies to increase their sales as well as to maintain their goodwill. Their reputation is a factor which assures their success. Their unique ideas accompanied by creativity of using them in their products make the products distinct from others (Dickerson 2004, p. 296). Their marketing techniques involve ideas which promote individuality of their designs and uniqueness of their products. The use of Chanel’s logo in the products it offers motivate the consumers to buy it. Consumers of fashion designing industry are highly status and brand conscious. Their trademarks

Albert Einstein Creative Thinker Essay Example for Free

Albert Einstein Creative Thinker Essay Introduction Albert Einstein, who many people regard him as the greatest physicist of the 20th century, was born in Ulm, Germany on March 14, 1879. Was a German origin and Jewish, but he felt neither German, due to the militarized culture, nor fanatical Jew, because of their refusal to believe in Gods image as described in the texts of the Old Testament. In 1880 his family moved to Munich where his father, Hermann Einstein and his uncle Jacob Einstein opened a small electromechanical workshop. In Munich Albert spent his childhood and there he learned the first letters in a very strict school. The military discipline of the German culture in the 19th century did not seem suited to his liberal nature, for that reason Einstein doesn’t showed no particular performance in school. Along with other studies and the bossy insistence of his mother, Einstein studied music and although he  played only for rest was an accomplished violinist. (8) Albert Einstein Life From a little child Einstein was very curious. His answers are always late, which worried his parents whether he had mental problems. At the age of 10 years decided that the school did not offer him anything and he joined a program of studying at home something like homeschooling, where he read as much as he could about science and philosophy. In his childhood two people impacted significantly in shaping the thinking of Albert. His uncle Jacob who inspired him revealing the whole charm of Mathematics, and his uncle Cesar Koch that he implanted him, greedy can say curiosity about science.(2) However Einstein dealt with the physical science from a real young age. His uncle had a factory alternator, lamps, arc and telephones. These things were high tech then. So every day was debate about science at home and the relevant interest in small-Einstein physics came naturally. He wrote that at age four or five years gave him a compass. The ability of the needle always points in the same direction pulled by an invisible force convinced him that there should be something behind things, something deeply hidden.(1) At the age of twelve he read a book on Euclidean plane geometry. He did so much impressed by the Euclidean way of thinking, called the book Sanctuary. Einstein who still was a child considered science a great, eternal riddle, the study of which should be devoted to finding the inner freedom and security.Einstein was smart, but nothing special compared to other intelligent peers. Despite what is said, was a good student at school and got his diploma with good grade. But he hated the school which went to Munich, because that is where their success is based only on memorization and obedience to professorial authority. The actual study was done at home with books on mathematics, physics and philosophy. Einstein was not going to prosper in life, said Dr.Zosef Ntegkenchart, who was his professor in the seventh grade. (8) At twelve years old, Einstein decided to devote himself to solving the puzzle called universe. Three years later, in 15 years, with very low  marks in history, geography and foreign languages, he left school without getting certificate, resigned from his German citizenship, broke all relations with the Jewish community, at the age of 16years getting his father to declare to the authorities as no religion and the rest of his life tried to keep distance from organized religious activities and groups. Einstein created his own religion, in the same manner and for the same reason that created his science and went to Milan to meet his family, who had recently emigrated, because his father was not going well. After 1-2 years of inaction, decide to give examinations at the Technical school of Zurich, as an autodidact with no high school diploma. The attempt failed and a teacher recommended that he must attend high school courses in Aarau. There followed in the years 1895 – 1896, the third and fourth class of high school. Eventually, after school lessons, Einstein in 1896 entered the technologic school at Zurich to study technical school instructor, where he successfully completed four years of study in physics. (8) .  After graduating in the spring of 1900, having previously reject German citizenship and was Swiss, he worked for two months as a teacher of Mathematics in 1902 and finally was hired as examiner at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern. In 1903 Einstein married Mileva Maric on a Hungarian classmate who had met and fallen in love five years ago, during their studies. Together we had a daughter, Lieserl, 1902. The manners of the time did not allow the existence of illegitimate children, and so Lieserl up for adoption and ever since has traces were lost. In 1904 became father for second time and he got a son, Hans Albert. His closest friend was Michel Besson; with him they discussed all his ideas about physics. They had formed a friendly circle in Bern with other motivated people and met regularly to discuss scientific and philosophical issues. They name themselves Olympic Academy, mocking the official academic status quo of their times. Gradually abandoned his family immersed in his scientific work, this led to begin the procedures for divorce in 1914. Later, in 1917, Einstein became serious ill, and then his cousin Elsa undertook his care, which fell in love and married her in 1919. (8) The first years of the 20th century did not seem all that Einstein was to become the scientist would leave an unforgettable mark on  the world. Despite numerous requests sent to several universities, could not find a job. In contrast, three of his friends and fellow students had already begun to work as assistants. After completing his studies Einstein found a position as assistant teacher in Winterthur, but was fired after a while, because of failure. He told his associates I hired as an assistant teacher and waited for a Socrates. The father of a classmate recommended him sometime in the Director of the Swiss patent office in Bern. His job was to prepare the documents for the recognition of patents and for this purpose should describe them any invention soon, understandable and comprehensive. The inventors themselves were not usually able to describe their invention. Here emerged an ability of Einstein, to extend foreign ideas and recognize the essence of a process or mechanism, while identifying some errors. He confessed later that this work had fascinated him and was his hobby and instead to publish in journals uninteresting scientific papers. This is one of the most productive and most remarkable periods of his life. Away from the scientific community and without the benefits that could result from contact with colleagues, wrote a multitude of scientific articles in the field of theoretical physics.(8) Albert Einstein Work The 1905 was a unique year in the history of physics. At 26 years old, published in important journals within a few months, four momentous research papers that changed the image of humanity in the world. In early 1905, Einstein published the monthly German magazine  «Annalen der Physik » (Annals of Physics) a thesis entitled: A new determination of molecular dimensions, which gained a PhD from the University of Zurich. Four more great articles published in the journal, the same year, and changed forever the vision that was the man for the universe. (4) In the first of these articles gave the explanation of the photoelectric effect, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1921. On the assumption of quantization that was introduced some years earlier by Planck for interpretation of the black body radiation. He argued that light acts as if composed of discrete, independent particles of energy. These particles have  energy that is proportional to the frequency of light as they propagate. They called this particles light quanta. He demonstrated that the assumption of light quanta with the above properties could explain phenomena that were examining the experimental physicists of the time, as the photoelectric effect. These two works of Planck and Einstein were the principle of quantum mechanics. Later, Einstein opposed the theory of quanta, why could not believe that God plays dice. In his article A creative approach on the production and transformations of light Einstein raised the assumption that light consists of individual action figures, which apart from the wave behavior give the light of certain properties characteristic of particles. So in an effort achieved two goals: revolutionize the theory of light and explain, among other things, the emission of electrons from some solids when these incident light. (4) .   The special theory of relativity Einsteins first published under the title The electrodynamics of moving bodies and was based on an essay he wrote when he was sixteen years old. The central idea of ​​the theory was that if, for all reference speed of light is constant and if all natural laws are the same, then both the time and the movement depends on the reference system in which they are measured. A stationary observer sees two trains intersect in parallel lines can measure their speed at 50 to 60 miles an hour. The passenger in one of the two trains will measure the speed of another train at 110 miles an hour. According to the theory of electromagnetism, the speed of light should be measured differently by an observer moving along than from another property. But in any experiment, as complicated and expensive as it was, had never measured the slightest difference. The speed of light was constant regardless of the motion of the observer. Einstein found that the last event was expected and compatible with the Electromagnetic Theory. As he wrote later, to reconcile the two seemingly incompatible observations needed only a new and more careful consideration the time factor. (6) . Moving in the mathematical formulation of his theory, Einstein published his fourth article entitled The inertia of a body depends on its  energy? Mathematical note that the special theory of relativity has established the equivalence of mass and energy in which a quantity of matter with mass m has an energy content of E is equal to mass multiplied by the square of the speed of light. This relationship is usually written: E = mc  ². The very idea was unbelievable. Even Einsteins revolutionary frightened by the results of evaluations. Thus, the title of the thesis was: Does the inertia of a body depends from the measure of the energy situation? â€Å". Characteristic is what he wrote in a friend: The principle of relativity, in conjunction with Maxwells equations requires the mass is in direct measure of the energy contained in a body. The light transfers mass. This thought is amusing and has consequences, but I cannot know whether the good Lord smiles on the idea that I put on my head. Later, however, he and other scientists realized that, however unlikely it may seem, the formula E = mc  ² was true. The understanding of the new theory and the identification of the author needed several years to be acceptable, but Einstein had won a position among leading European physicists who asked his advice more and more.(4) In 1911 Einstein became a professor at the German University of Prague. In 1912 he returned to the Polytechnic Academy in Zurich. Having been recognized as one of the leading scientists of his time, Einstein did not stop to accept proposals. The most important came from Germany in 1914: based at the University of Berlin and research position in the Prussian Academy of Sciences. Thus, despite the independent character and political and social opposition to the militaristic regime of Germany of William II departed in April 1914 with his family in Berlin, who was then one of the most brilliant centers of European science. In 1915 he published the final text of the General Theory of Relativity. This theory was confirmed experimentally by British scientists during the First World War, by measuring the deflection of light stars, where it passes through the gravitational field of large masses, such as that of the sun. This statement made Einstein famous and surprising that the theory of relativity, although tricky, even for physicists, became popular reading for large numbers of educated people who studied popularized descriptions. (8) General Theory of Relativity As a basic principle of General Theory of Relativity is the equivalence of accelerated systems of reference systems located within the gravity field. For verification of General Relativity, Albert Einstein proposed three experimental tests: 1. Measuring the deflection of light of stars and rays passing near the Sun. The result expected theoretically confirmed in 1919 by photographs of the position of stars near the solar disk during a total solar eclipse. 2. A theoretical prediction for the shift of the perihelion of Mercury. The perihelion of Mercury directed slowly around the sun, and Einstein explained this shift as a result of General Relativity confirmed again from the experiment. 3. The shift toward the red spectrum due to gravity. This test was in 1959 at Harvard University successfully and was the first high precision measurement of results of General Relativity.(6) .   The next year the General Theory of Relativitys gravity was confirmed by many other experiments. General relativity has stimulated the study of the universe as a dynamic entity, the topology of which is determined by the total mass-energy contained in it. . In the general theory of relativity the tireless mind of Einstein discusses moves with changing speed. Einstein approached the issue in a way completely different from Newton. The great physicist of the 17th century had noticed something was a remarkable coincidence: gravity acting in the same way in all bodies, regardless of their mass. Einstein gave an explanation on this issue. The acceleration caused by gravity, he said, cannot be separated from the accelerations caused by other forces. Einstein created using ten complex equations fields, General Theory of Relativity in 1916. The General Theory, in contrast to the Special Theory, had virtually no direct intellectual ancestor. Even today, the mental concepts of Einstein used by scientists. The surprise to Einsteins equations provide actually bend light by gravity  and the curve can be demonstrated by measuring the deflection of a light beam coming from a distant star and passing near the Sun. The light from the star ahead become visible only during a total extinct. Einstein predicted theoretically double the deviation from what could be predicted by Newtons laws.(6) Scientists were waiting for an opportunity to check again the General Theory of Relativity. I opportunity came in May 1919, when occurred a total eclipse of the Sun. Two independent scientific expeditions traveled to places where the eclipse was total. Both measured the same projected radius of curvature of the light of a distant star and were lost behind the darkened sun disk. The news not only impressed the scientists and the general public. Einstein had changed the whole structure of physics. Perceptions of centuries had proved incorrect and a new building was erected in their place, a building where space, time, matter and energy were interrelated and interact with strange exotic ways apart from any everyday perception.(6) Einstein was the symbol of the new science image. Einstein was set at inaccessible heights. Everyone wanted to see him, to speak to him or even writing to him excessively. In 1921 got the Nobel Prize in physics, not for the Theory of Relativity, but the explanation of the photoelectric effect in 1905.The next year Einstein traveled a lot. He supported Gandhi and for that reason signed the proclamation in 1925 of compulsory military service around the world. At 1932 accepted a position at Princeton University, which will be retained along with its location in Berlin. But as the Nazis rose to power, it was to never return to Germany. (4) . Nazis in Power In 1933, when the Nazis had already been elected to the German government began to insult Einstein as an agent of the Americans and Anglo-French, irritated by the fact that as an important representative of German science appeared at that time a Jew. This resulted that he has to leave the great investigator of the German Academy of Sciences, which had dominated, as  always happens in totalitarian regimes. He left also of Germany, this time permanently, and he bound to America. One of his first acts in America with Hitlers rise to power was to leave the German nationality. But he kept the Swiss and also asked the American. As Hitler confiscates his home, his books, and his deposits some people felt happy about it. A Berlin newspaper even wrote Good News from Einstein does not return from America.(4) The great Danish atomic physicist Niels Bohr, in 1939 brought to Einstein news that the German refugee physicist Lizeta Maitner had split the atom of uranium with slight mass loss which was converted into energy. The experiments, conducted in Copenhagen, was inspired by similar, who was less reliable, which had been a few months earlier by two German chemists, Otto Hahn and Fritz Strasman in Berlin. Bohr made the point that if he could be a controlled chain reaction of fission of uranium individuals, the result would be a mammoth explosion. Immediately researchers began to repeat these experiments bombarding uranium nuclei with neutrons. The result was to release a huge amount of energy discovery that led to the construction of the atomic bomb. Einstein was mistrustful of such a possibility, but the laboratory experiments in the United States have demonstrated the feasibility of the idea. (8) With a war occurred in Europe and the fear that Nazi scientists may have manufactured the first atomic bomb Einstein was persuaded by his fellow scientists, mainly from Teller, to help fight for the manufacture of the bomb and write a letter to Franklin Roosevelt to influence him for great vigilance and, if necessary, quick action by the United States in research to build the atomic bomb. This recommendation resulted in the launch of Manhattan Research Program to build the atomic bomb. Eventually the fears of the scientific community for abusing, verified from the opposite side, after the atomic bomb was built under the direction of Oppenheimer used by the U.S. against Japan after the effective end of the war. (8) . Although he didn’t took part in the work done in Los Alamos, New Mexico, and he didn’t know that he had manufactured nuclear fission bomb until the first dropped on Hiroshima in 1945, his name was closely associated with the arrival of the atomic age. The great irony for this idealistic thinker was  that thanks to the famous axiom of mass-energy equivalence, humanity has seen the application, by creating individual and hydrocarbon cluster, which is the most destructive weapons that mankind ever known (2) . Thereafter and until the end of his life, Einstein was active in the campaigning for disarmament, after the Soviet Union he had become nuclear power and began the Cold War he sign statements with other scientists, notably with B. Russell, who was the prime leader of the movements for peace and disarmament. His health began to collapse in 1949 and he was ready to accept his death in 1950, when he wrote that will leaving his writings in the Jewish University of Jerusalem. The last article signed but had nothing to do with science but with peace: it was a manifesto which was appealed to all nations not to use atomic energy. In 1952 he was offered the presidency of the newly established state of Israel, which refused saying, â€Å"equations for me are more interesting. Politics is for the present, the equations are for eternity†. (8) . In 1955 he gives his last interview, which yielded credit to a Greek teacher, Constantine Karatheodory: â€Å"Gentlemen, you asked me to answer a thousand things, but not someone of you wanted to know who was my teacher, who showed and opened to me the way to the superior mathematical science, thought and research. I don’t want to bore you; I say simply, without details that my big teacher was the Greek Constantine Karatheodory, which I personally, the mathematical science, physics and the wisdom of our century, we owe everything†. The respect and esteem in the person of Constantine Karatheodory, who saw him as his teacher and his largely theorem of relativity that made him famous, is also due to him (8). Conclusion On April 18, 1955, Einstein died while sleeping at Princeton Hospital. Upon the table was the last unfilled statement written in honor of Independence Day of Israel. After his death, his mind was preserved in a jar by the  physician Thomas Stolz Hare, who did the autopsy on his body. In 1999, an analysis of the brain showed that the Board is responsible for mathematical thought was a 15% greater than normal (8).

Economy of the Netherlands

Economy of the Netherlands Introduction The Netherlands is the main country of the Kingdom of Netherlands. It comprises of 3 main large and important cities, Amsterdam, Rotterdam and The Hague. Amsterdam is the country’s capital. The economy of Netherlands is market based and ranks 16th of 177 countries and was also ranked the 4th happiest country in the world. The Dutch economy is afree-market economy. They have the world’s 16th best economy due to its early industrialization, specialized exports and agricultural growth. They focus mainly on exporting ideas, technology and maintaining good relations with other countries. The Dutch from a long time are known as traders and almost 2/3rd of the economy is based on foreign trade. Along with the United States, the country has been an important part of international free trade. The have a total market share of 3.9%, ranking it 6th in the international exportation of goods. They have a history of trade, as they (1600-1700) carried spices and other raw materials from India and other Asian countries to Europe and manufactured products back. They were the ones to open trade (seaborne) with China and Japan. The design of their having large cargo holds and small crew was the reason of their success. This reduced the cost of transportation of good. The tradition continues even today as the nation remains dependent on trade. The Dutch today are the distribution center of Europe. Rotterdam having the Port of Rotterdam (one of the largest single ports) handles annually 400 million tons of cargo has the most advanced facilities in the world. The 4th largest port in Western Europe i.e. The Port of Amsterdam and holds 7.4% of the market shares. It plays a vital role in the economy of both city and the country, contributing 45 million Euros in 2007, also adding 5.2 billion Euros to the city’s value. The shipping industry hugely impacts the economy. In 2007, D utch exports were 318 billion Euros comparing to imports of 285 billion Euros. The country is the second largest (after US) exporter of food in the world. Over 1/2 of the shipping industry comprises of re-exportation which equals to 140 billion Euros (2007). The reason why this small country is capable of carrying transportation on such large basis and shipping is due to its exploration of new ides of transportation. World War II and After The German armies in May 1940 overran The Netherlands and the bombing destroyed the center of the city of Rotterdam. Queen Wilhelmina (1840-1948) and the Dutch government exiled (UK). The Dutch government (which exiled) declared war on Japan after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. In 1942 The Dutch East Indies fell. The government (after World War II) returned and then began the process of rebuilding. The Dutch under the European Recovery Program received more than $100,000,000 in aid. The Netherlands joined with Belgium and Luxembourg to form Benelux (customs union that went into effect in 1948) becoming charter member of the UN. In 1949, Dutch joined North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and in 1958 became a member of the European Union. A military conflict over West New Guinea, came up with Indonesia when independence was granted in 1949.The Netherlands reclaimed it in 1962. The postwar rebuilding phase was followed by an economic boom, highly developed social-welfare system was established under socialist governments. Dutch exports and imports grew about 7.5% annually in the last four decades, while in the last two decades re-exports experienced a boom. Trade policy, reducing in import taxes and other trade barriers and the creating a European internal market, significantly impacts on the growth of trade. The major reason in an increase in trade is income developments. Without any liberalization of trade policy since 1970 the ratio of trade (excluding re-exports) to GDP would have been about 8% points lower. The trade policy has contributed 6% 8% to the growth of national income in Netherlands since the 1970s. Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) experienced a massive but erratic growth, mostly in the last two decades. Dutch trade has increased by about 7.5 % a year on average between 1971 and 2005. Exports grew slightly faster than imports. Trade and FDI grew thus much faster than GDP. Dutch firms are becoming more and more internationalized. The goods exports of the Dutch firms doubled from 88% in 1969 to 175% in 2007. The re-exports of goods rose even more, i.e. from 16% 1969 to 154% in 2007. Services exports remained stable as a share in value added. This observation does not alter the fact that services exports has increased over time as did the value added of services. Services became much more important in the economy over that period. The composition of GDP changes in favor of services. Because services sectors are less open to trade than manufacturing sectors total exports increased less than good exports alone. Exports for goods and services and re-exports increased gradually from 51% of the value added of all Dutch firms in 1969 to 93% in 2007. The increase in trade is mainly caused by increased trade with existing trading partners. FDI (Foreign Direct Investments) has grown particularly fast, at a much higher rate than trade transactions since the 1980s. FDI flows have increased by about 25% per year on average and trade flows by about 10%. International capital control restrictions and strict national capital market regulation prevented the international unification of capital markets. After the abolishment of these controls FDI started to rise, first slowly but after 1985 it has accelerated with several peaks. The peaks in Dutch inward and outward flows in 2001 was due to a large extent by investments of banks and holding companies. The country supports investments and innovation by setting aside â‚ ¬ 500 million for a Research and Development Allowance for businesses. For innovative projects more capital is made available via the Innovation Fund for SMBs. The Ministry has created a business web portal to improve services for the business sector. Tourism and recreation are vital to the Dutch economy. A record number of almost 12 million tourists visited this country in 2012, spending a total of â‚ ¬5 billion. As in previous years, the majority were from Germany. The tourism industry has an annual turnover of â‚ ¬37 billion. It also accounts for 400,000 jobs – 4.5% of the national total. The government wants to boost tourism by attracting more visitors from abroad. The manufacturing industry (second largest sector of the economy), comprises 17% of the total economy. Oil and natural gas deposits forms 3% of this sector.The manufacturing sector is mainly developing and designing of high-tech products to be produced at a less cost for exportation. The twelfth largest portion is the public sector. Efforts have been made by the government of tax breaks and privatization. The Agriculture Sector accounts for two percent of the economy and is important because the industry provides over 600,000 jobs, and accounts for 1/5th of Dutch exports. As of 1 January 2012 antibiotic use in agriculture is to be cut by 20%. The local authorities, citizens, companies and civil society will conclude green deals. Sustainable energy production will increase with the help of an incentive scheme for SMBs. The Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation will release more than â‚ ¬ 288 million in government cuts from the merger of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality. The first savings of â‚ ¬ 49.1 million will be released in 2012. Statistics: Trade: % of Dutch companies are exporters. 33% of income generated from abroad. 44% of employees work for exporting companies. 87% of RD expenditure is provided by exporting industries. Foreign Investments: 1% of companies in Netherlands have foreign ownerships. 15% of Dutch people work for foreign owned companies. 25% of GDP comes from foreign owned companies. 33% of RD expenditure is provided foreign investors. Rankings of Netherlands: 5th largest global exporter. 7th largest global importer. 7th largest global investor. 8th largest receiver of foreign investments. 16th largest global economy. Exports per Sector: 41% re-exports from imports. 34% from industries. 6% from trade and transport. 4% industry and energy. 4% financial services. 3% business services. 3% agriculture, forest and fisheries. According to Statistics Netherlands the economy decreased by 0.2% in this year’s second quarter, while the first quarter showed double this figure. Both consumer spending and business investments decreased in this year’s second quarter. During the same period exports grew by 0.4%. The number of jobs decreased by 147,000. Future Prospects: Energy Agreement for Sustainable Growth: More wind turbines A thousand new wind turbines are to be built. By 2020, 14% of all energy will be generated from renewable sources, rising to 16% by 2023. Resources for home insulation The government is investing â‚ ¬400 million in insulating rented homes. As well as reducing heating costs and emissions of the greenhouse gas CO2, this measure will generate new jobs. More jobs Taken together, the investments in energy from renewable sources and energy conservation will create 15,000 jobs. An energy label for every home All privately owned and rented homes that have not already been assigned one, will be allocated energy label starting in 2015, indicating the home’s energy efficiency and raising awareness of energy consumption. Tighter agreements on emissions trading Tighter European agreements are needed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The government wants the EU to take steps to improve the CO2 emissions trading system, to reduce emissions by at least 80% by 2050. National Energy Saving Fund Homeowners can take out low-interest loans to fund energy-saving measures, financed by the National Energy Saving Fund, which has a budget of â‚ ¬600 million. Tax breaks for local clean energy initiatives Local initiatives in which people club together to generate electricity from sustainable resources will be rewarded withlower energy tax ratesfor those involved. This may for example include residents who club together to invest in a large solar panel system, placed on the roof of a school or warehouse. Relations with India Since 1947, Indo-Dutch relations have been excellent, marked by strong economic and commercial ties, based on foundation of shared democratic ideals, pluralism, multiculturalism and rule of law. Indo-Dutch relations have been multi-faceted and encompass close cooperation in various areas including political, economy, academics and culture. Since the early 1980s, the Dutch Government has identified India as an important economic partner. The relations underwent further intensification after India’s economic liberalization in the 1990s with growing recognition of India as an attractive trade and investment partner. For many decades, India was a major recipient of Dutch development aid. Today contacts between the two countries focus mainly on economic, technical and scientific cooperation. Economic relations India has developed into a rapidly expanding economy, focused on technological development and technical and scientific cooperation. The Netherlands is a major investor in India, through Dutch companies involved in sectors like technology, energy, logistics, financial services and transport. Central government seeks out opportunities for Dutch companies and tries to attract Indian investment to the Netherlands. There are particularly lucrative opportunities for Dutch companies in the following sectors of India’s economy: agri food, logistics (ports, shipping and inland waterways), technology (the automotive and defence industries), infrastructure and water management, energy, health, chemicals and creative industry. Dutch interest in India as a trading partner has increased sharply, and although trade remains limited, it is growing rapidly. Exports from the Netherlands to India include machinery, optical equipment, cast iron and steel. The main Dutch imports from India are mineral fuels, including oil. The enormous trade and investment potential of the Indian market offers plenty of scope for expanding Dutch exports to and investments in India. Help can be provided by the Dutch Trade Board (DTB), a public-private partnership that works to strengthen the position of Dutch companies abroad. The Netherlands has an extensive trade promotion network comprised of the embassy in New Delhi, the consulate-general in Mumbai and two Netherlands Business Support Offices in Chennai and Ahmedabad. Dutch entrepreneurs can contact them for information about market opportunities and for assistance with government contacts. Trade missions and networking meetings are also organized. The Dutch embassy in New Delhi promotes the interests of entrepreneurs in the agri-food sector. There are also technical and scientifically attached in both Delhi and Mumbai, who focus on matters such as establishing contacts between Dutch and Indian universities. The Netherlands Foreign Investment Agency (NFIA) also has an office which provides advice, information and practical support to entrepreneurs wishing to do business in India. In recent months the Ministry of Economic Affairs, together with several Indian states, the Netherlands Agro, Food and Technology Centre (NAFTC) and Greenport Holland International (GHI) have worked on proposals for the establishment of Dutch-Indo Centers of Excellence. India’s central Government has now agreed to the establishment of 10 Dutch–Indo Centers of Excellence across India and has given the green light for the steps necessary for further development. The Centers of Excellence will provide training and give businesses the opportunity to demonstrate their production methods and techniques. Dutch businesses will contribute to increasing food production in India through improved production methods, logistics and food safety measures. The ten Centers of Excellence will concentrate on the horticulture, dairy cattle, potato, meat and pork chains and will provide opportunities for collaboration between Dutch and Indian businesses. Trade and investment cooperation a key component of India-Netherlands relationship has shown satisfactory growth over the years. Two-way trade has continued to grow steadily, reaching Euro 5.287 billion in 2011. Netherlands remains among the top ten partners of India in terms of trade volume with positive balance of trade in favor of India. It is also one of the largest investor in terms of foreign direct investment into India with FDI inflows during period 2000 to 2011 amounting to US $ 5.62 billion (accounting for 4.3% of total inflows into India). Indian investments into Netherlands during period 1996 to 2010 amounted to $11.46 billion. The current ongoing Eurozone crisis has not seriously impacted trade and investment flows between India and Netherlands. India’s exports to and imports from Netherlands have significantly increased during past 3-4 years and the same is true for trade in services. Many Dutch multinationals and major companies like Phillips, Shell, Unilever (Hindustan Lever in India), KLM, the three big banks – ABN AMRO, ING, Rabobank and others have a growing and successful presence in India. Dutch SMEs with niche technologies and world-class expertise are also actively looking at the Indian market. Similarly, several Indian companies including major IT companies have established their presence in Netherlands. There have been major acquisitions and mergers by Indian companies including that of Tata Corus (now Tata Steel), Apollo – Vredestein, acquisition of Theodoor Gilissen Bankiers by Hindujas and many Indian companies are exploring the possibilities for further tie-ups. The proposal for opening a branch of State Bank of India in Amsterdam is also under process. There is potential for further bilateral collaboration in areas like water management, infrastructure, logistics, ports, highways; inland water transportation; ICT; biotech; agriculture, agro-processing, floriculture, creative design industry. Main Indian expor ts to Netherlands are textiles garments; electric machinery equipment, agricultural products and processed foods including marine products; leather goods; cars and other vehicles, organic chemicals, rubber, plastics works thereof; mineral and metal products. Main products imported from Netherlands to India are machinery/equipment; medical/optical instruments, chemicals; plastics, metal products. Since the beginning of the year there have been several trade missions and business relations established between The Netherlands and India. A number of high-level official visits have taken place including visits by Dutch Minister of Infrastructure Environment as well as by Mayors of Rotterdam and Amsterdam and Vice Mayor of The Hague with delegations. Foreign Minister Prof. Dr. Uri Rosenthal made an official visit to India at the invitation of Honble External Affairs Minister Shri S.M. Krishna where opportunities for Dutch investments in logistics, water management and communications were discussed. The trade mission of 40 Dutch businesses to India led by the Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation, Lilianne Ploumen, met with an enthusiastic response from Indian entrepreneurs and investors.During the mission a number of agreements were signed in both New Delhi and Mumbai, worth tens of millions of euros. The Dutch SME Schouten Food Products, which specializes in manufacturing protein-rich meat substitutes, for instance signed a â‚ ¬10 million contract with a local Indian partner. Talks were also held with Indian companies interested in investing in the Netherlands. These included United Phosphorus Ltd, which decided to earmark â‚ ¬15 million for the expansion of its factory in Rotterdam. Ms Ploumen expressed satisfaction at the mission’s outcome. ‘Trade with India generates jobs and income in the Netherlands,’ she said. In talks with the Indian authorities, the Minister urged that the trade and investment climate between the Netherlands and India be improved, along with market access. During the mission it was decided to establish a joint committee on investment and trade, so as to eliminate existing trade barriers between the two countries and strengthen economic ties. Ms Ploumen also spoke with Indian ministers, organizations and companies about corporate social responsibility. It was agreed that both countries would meet again soon to pursue this discussion, and invite companies like Tata and Unilever to join it. Signing a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on technical cooperation between their two countries in the fields of spatial planning and architecture, water and transport management, and sustainable building took place this year. The aim is to learn from one another and to open doors for the business community. There is potential for further bilateral collaboration in areas like water management, infrastructure, logistics, ports, highways, inland water transportation, ICT, biotech, agriculture, agro-processing, floriculture, creative design industry. Main Indian exports to Netherlands are textiles garments, electric machinery equipment, agricultural products and processed foods including marine products, leather goods, cars and other vehicles, organic chemicals rubber, plastics works thereof, mineral and metal products. Main products imported from Netherlands to India are machinery/equipment; medical/optical instruments; chemicals; plastics, metal products.

Patrick Henrys Famous Speech -- History Patrick Henry Essays

Patrick Henry's Famous Speech 'Give me liberty or give me death.' These famous words were uttered by Patrick Henry on March 23, 1775, as a conclusion to his speech delivered to the Virginia House of Burgesses. Within his speech, he uses the three rhetorical appeals (ethos, logos, and pathos) to convey a feeling of urgency toward the changes occurring in policy within the Americas implemented by the British government. He cleverly uses these appeals to disrupt the paradigm that Great Britain is going to let the American people have any liberty. The Purpose of this speech is to gain support for a freedom movement from the British government. One can see this when he states, ?Has Great Britain any enemy, in this quarter of the world, to call for all this accumulation of navies and armies He is speaking about Great Britain bringing their military to the Americas. This tells the people he is speaking to, ?[England has] chains which the British ministry have been so long forging.? He brings up this in his argument to bring to light the liberties that have been slowly pulled away from the people living in the Americas. Within his speech, and by looking at his diction and word choice, one could derive he is talking to an upper class group of men. He continually uses the word ?gentlemen.? His statement ?the worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the House? makes it sound as if he is in a meeting of elected officials and decision makers. During the first ...

The Battle of Bunker Hill Essay -- War, Power, Turmoil

Taking place in 1775, at the start of the Revolutionary War, the Battle of Bunker Hill was a needed victory early in the war to get the soldiers to believe in themselves. Many soldiers in the beginning of the war did not believe that the lowly colonists could defeat and declare independence from a superpower; Britain. Although outnumbered and with little confidence, the continental army stood their ground at the Battle of Bunker Hill and proved that they could win the war. The colonies were in a state of turmoil. They had to pay extravagant taxes, but they also were not counted as Britain’s â€Å"people.† The colonies tried to obtain peace with documents such as the Olive Branch Petition, but were refused many times. So after many attempts at peace and tolerating many unfair taxations plus having to house British soldiers without having a voice, the colonists rendezvous at the 2nd Continental Congress debated whether or not to attack the British Redcoats; they were sick and tired of having to tolerate this tyranny. In the 1st Continental Congress, the leaders of the colonies, minus Georgia, met at Carpenter’s Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in response to the Intolerable Acts passed because of the Boston Tea Party. The outcome was for peace, and so, King George was offered an olive branch. King George refused the proposal and the colonists became angry. On April 19 of 1775, the colonists’ minutemen and the redcoats, whi ch were soldiers on the British side, clashed at Lexington and Concord. The first bullet fired was â€Å"The shot heard around the world.† The war had begun. On May 10, Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys seize Fort Ticonderoga. Then after the Second Continental Congress on the same day, George Washington, the new... ...nd and stood up to the full might of the British army and caused them severe casualties, the British finally acknowledged them and declared a full-out war. In the beginning, most colonists didn’t want to fight due to this battle, they were ready. They were ready to win the war and gain what they wanted the most; independence and a voice. Works Cited "Battle of Bunker Hill Begins." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. . "11d. Bunker Hill." Bunker Hill [ushistory.org]. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2013. . Deverell, William and Deborah Gray White. United States History. Orlando: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2006. Englar, Mary. The Battle of Bunker Hill. Minneapolis, MN: Compass Point, 2007.

College: A Sound Investment Essay

Cost is always about loss. When we consider opportunity cost, we consider what losses an opportunity brings us. One of the most enduring â€Å"opportunities† individuals receive is education. Society is immersed in messages about the benefits of education, but what about the costs? Any important decision should involve a sound cost-benefit analysis. Do the benefits outweigh the costs? This is the basic question of decision-making—of investment. Is college worth the investment? In consideration of this question, I would first need an estimate of the cost of college. First, I would tally the basic, overt costs. Tuition, books, room and board, travel expenses (for commuters): each of these components would subtracts from my finances. Suppose all of these expenses add up to roughly fifteen thousand dollars per year. Now, if I subtracted around five thousand dollars for scholarship, I would be left with a net debt of ten thousand dollars per year. At the end of my college experience, the cost of college would be around forty thousand dollars, correct? Incorrect—I have failed to consider the â€Å"hidden† costs of college. Namely, I have not aken into account the wages I have lost because I chose to be in the classroom rather than in the workforce. With a high school education, I might have expected a job that pays perhaps fifteen thousand dollars a year. Four years of this wage would leave me with a gross profit of sixty thousand dollars. So, what is my overall cost of college now?†¦ 100,000 dollars. What was I thinking? For one, I was thinking that without a higher education I could have expected my wages to rise by at most five thousand dollars, if I was being generous. No advancement in my nowledge or skill sets would have corresponded with no job growth opportunities and thus no significant income growth. Therefore, short of winning the lottery, my wages would remain relatively stagnant. I was also thinking that with a college degree as my backing, I would have the leverage to position myself into an entry-level job that would pay at the very minimum twenty-thousand to twenty-five thousand dollars. Further, I was thinking that entry-level positions lead to advancement. Entry-level positions lead to opportunity. With a decade of strong ork ethic, I have a respectable chance of cracking the forty to fifty thousand dollar barrier, if not more. With just two years of such a salary, I would compensate for the one hundred thousand dollar investment I made to ensure my career. I was thinking that I would much rather retire with a net worth of in the hundreds of thousands rather than the prospect of a retirement where the number 100,000 is still as magical and elusive as that winning lottery number. Most important, I was thinking that I would gladly pay the â€Å"opportunity cost† today to realize the â€Å"opportunity†Ã¢â‚¬â€for myself and for my future family—tomorrow.