Essay --

Introduction The United Arab Emirates has been a member of several regional organizations with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) being a prominent example. This paper will provide a description of the participation of the United Arab Emirates in the GCC as well as a summary of its history. The purposes and specific goals that the UAE had when joining the GCC will be highlighted in addition to discussing the resulting contributions to its economy. The stated goals and purposes of joining the GCC will then be used to determine whether the initiative to join the regional body has been a success or a failure. The paper will conclude with an attempt to find out if the GCC will be important to the future development of the United Arab Emirates. Description and History The United Arab Emirates has been a member of the Gulf Cooperation Council since it was founded on 25th May 1981. Other founding members include the State of Bahrain, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, State of Qatar, Sultanate of Oman, and the State of Kuwait (Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, 2012). A framework for the body was agreed upon during a meeting of heads of state in Abu Dhabi and it was a product of previous planning as well as an embodiment of social, cultural, and historical reality. Another reason that led to the formation of this regional body was the kinship that existed among the citizens of these six states as well as the religious and cultural ties (Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, 2012). In addition to these historical similarities, the founding states also faced the same challenges such as security and economic development. It is therefore correct to state that the GCC was formed as a result of the historical realities... ... got from the GCC states in 2012. However, the UAE needs to change its approach to the GCC especially when it comes to the creation of a common currency. According to Takagi (2012), the GCC states have practically used a common currency over the past decades owing to the fact that five of the countries have pegged the value of their currencies to the US dollar. Kuwait is the only country that floated its currency; however, the value its currency has remained stable with respect to the dollar. My recommendation to the UAE is for it to become willing to compromise and accept the formation of the GCC monetary union in order to ensure that it continues to benefit from the regional body. The decision to compromise might also lead to increased cooperation between the six states meaning that the initial goals and objectives of the Gulf Cooperation Council can be achieved.

Examining The Privileges Of Child Dreams English Literature Essay

Each and every kid has the privilege to dream. An stripling who merely possess nil else still can woolgather of a enjoyable and joyful life, a universe where there is merely peace, and a universe consisting of no wretchedness. That kid can woolgather of a universe where everyone is sympathetic, forgiving, and apprehension. However, when these optimistic dreams are demolished, and world is revealed, what is at that place for the hapless kid to make? When he is cognizant of all of the incorrect things go oning around him, what is he traveling to believe? In The Song of Kahunsha by Anosh Irani, one kid ‘s dreams are shattered when he has to confront the existent universe. His dreams consisted of him reuniting with his parents who had abandoned him at an orphanhood and of a perfect universe. This perfect universe consisted of no jobs, â€Å" no † was n't considered as a word, and everybody lived in peace and harmoniousness. Equally shortly as he embarked on the journey to happen his parents, all of his dreams were demolished. I perfectly loved this novel! I love Anosh Irani ‘s ( writer ) usage of descriptive linguistic communication as it illustrated crystal clear images in my caput. For case, all of the characters and the scene were described with maximal effectivity. The Mumbai slums in this novel brought back clear flash dorsums of my jaunt to India. I felt highly regretful for all of the unfortunate grownups and kids who reside at that place. Just believing about it after-hours gives me incubuss. The lone thing that I would knock is that this novel has a sulky gait in the beginning, similar in To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, but one time you get past this slow constituent, everything goes by in a zephyr and the plotline is one of the best out at that place. To stop off, I would urge this novel to all readers because of the great sum of world that is embedded into this alone novel and its one of a sort plotline. Artlessness and Experience is a really common subject in literature. Both artlessness and experience are exact antonyms and one can non perchance be without the other. This subject can be easy applied to an person. When an person is rather immature, he or she is really guiltless but as the person grows, he or she faces many jobs and challenges. From these jobs and challenges, the single additions experience. As you grow, both physically and mentally, you start losing your artlessness and the experience that you gain is what replaces the artlessness. When you are a kid, you seem to cry when you notice that something merely is n't right but when you ‘re mature, you understand that this is world and since you ‘ve seen this happen multiple times, it merely does n't convey a tear to your eyes. You can compare artlessness to brainstorming because you can brainstorm without any limitations. When you start to compose an essay, you have to be smart and cognize your boundaries. You have to be cognizant of many different things for illustration, punctuation, passage words, citations, etc. Dreams play an of import portion in our lives. In fact, you spend about 8-10 hours a twenty-four hours woolgathering. This subject is really similar to the subject of contending in what you believe in. Some people believe that they should follow their dreams because dreams come from the bosom. This does n't look like a simple undertaking, particularly if you ‘re standing entirely. For illustration, if you ‘ve woolgather a dream that you want to carry through but is really ambitious, it might take your whole life merely to do a little impact on some of the people. Apart from this, if you truly believe that your dream means something, you should travel and seek to carry through it without looking at any of the limitations and who knows, person else might hold the same dream as you. For the film constituent of my ISU, I have chosen Slumdog Millionaire as my film because it best displays the subject of Innocence V. Experience. The name of this film is pretty self-explanatory. In Slumdog Millionaire, the supporter ( Jamal Malik ) used to populate in the slums of Mumbai but now he is a contestant on Kaun Banega Karore Pati ( Who Wants to Be a Millionaire ) . He has had a big assortment of unusual experiences in the Mumbai slums and these experiences have helped him reply all of the inquiries on this show and go a millionaire ( 20,000,000 rupees in the Hindi version ) The vocal that best suits the subject of Innocence vs Experience is I Dreamed a Dream by Susan Boyle. In this vocal, a adult female recalls her loving a adult male who has now left her and their girl. She thought that their love would last everlastingly but did n't even last a fraction of that. Bing really guiltless, she had no thought that this was traveling to go on. Since all of this has happened, she will look at everything with a different position. Recommended by Ms. Mckay ( English teacher ) , I decided to pick the novel The Song of Kahunsha by Anosh Irani for my ISU. It is a 1 of a sort novel. This novel has three chief struggles. These struggles are: Man vs. Man, Man vs Himself and Man vs. Society. After reading this novel, I have distinguished two chief subjects: Innocence V Experience and Following Your Dreams. The basic plotline of this novel is about the supporter whose name is Chamdi. Chamdi has been abandoned at an orphanhood by his male parent. He escapes the orphanhood tardily one dark and attempts to happen his male parent but rapidly realizes that it is really hard to last Mumbai. Chamdi is the chief character and is the supporter in The Song of Kahunsha. He is really immature and inexperient. Physically, he is a really scraggy, unhealthy, and ill-fed kid, about as tegument and castanetss. Chamdi is both, a positive mind, and an dreamer. Without any ground, he was abandoned at birth at an orphanhood. Chamdi has a vision to reunite with his male parent one twenty-four hours. In add-on to this, Chamdi dreams of a topographic point called Kahunsha, a land with no hurting, no wretchedness, no unhappiness, a land where people are forgiving and where â€Å" no † is non considered as a word. Sumdi is Guddi ‘s brother and is more advanced in age in comparing to her. He is physically deformed ; he merely has one leg. Sumdi and Guddi are two kids that Chamdi meets on his quest to happen his male parent. These two siblings have been shacking on the streets of all time since their male parent had passed off. Sumdi is a twosome of old ages older than Chamdi, who is ten old ages old. Sumdi is really persevere and bull-headed but on the other manus, he is a really compassionate and blithe psyche. Guddi is Sumdi ‘s younger sister. She is about the same age as Chamdi, give or take a few months. When Guddi and Chamdi foremost meet, she is really ill-mannered to him, but as the narrative progresses, Guddi starts to open up and transforms into a more friendly psyche. During a hazardous burglary, Guddi is earnestly injured, Chamdi merely knows one individual who can salvage Guddi ‘s life and hence, he obeyed every bid of Anand Bhai. For illustration, he threw a bomb that detonated inside a Muslim household ‘s house. Bing taken attention by Anand Bhai ‘s female parent, Guddi is all right at the completion of the novel. Anand Bhai, who is the adversary in this novel, is a heartless, inhuman and unmerciful character. The mendicants of cardinal Mumbai all work under Anand Bhai. They merely receive a fraction of their net incomes and the remainder of the money goes to- you guessed it- Anand Bhai. He intentionally has chopped off the custodies, weaponries, and even legs of his mendicants merely to do them more profitable. A adult male named Dabba is the perfect illustration of this. Dabba has all four of his limbs cut off so he is more pitied. All he can make is descry on the people in one country. He is called Dabba because Dabba in Hindi refers to package and he surely looks like a box because he does n't hold any limbs. After Guddi being earnestly injured, Chamdi knows that Anand Bhai is the lone individual who can salvage her. Therefore, he lies to Anand Bhai. Anand Bhai believes him and label along. After, he starts doubting Chamdi and subsequently, he finds out that Chamdi is lying. As a consequence, Anand Bhai is about to cut Chamdi ‘s lingua right off. Chamdi ‘s lingua is spared when he says that he will make anything for Anand Bhai. As a consequence, Chamdi has to throw a bomb at Muslim ‘s abode. To reason, Anand Bhai is the adversary in this novel. This struggle occurs in literature when a character develops an internal battle between his/her ideas and thoughts. In The Song of Kahunsha, Chamdi experiences and internal struggle. As he continues to maturate throughout the novel, Chamdi begins to recognize that this is world and his dreams were impractical and unrealistic. This is a struggle that Chamdi starts with himself and will go on on if he does non accept world. The existent inquiry is will Chamdi go on on his journey? or merely give up and accept that this is world. This struggle occurs in literature when a character has an statement or dissension with another character. In the Song of Kahunsha, Chamdi ‘s dream is non merely to reunite with his parents, but it is to populate in a consonant and peaceable universe. Man vs. Man is the dominant struggle in this novel because there are many people who act as barriers and prevent Chamdi ‘s dreams into going true. An example of this is Anand Bhai. Anand Bhai is a barrier and is the chief ground why Chamdi ‘s dreams can non be fulfilled. Anand Bhai has found out that approximately Chamdi Chamdi is now in his fierce clasp. For this ground, Chamdi can non go on on his journey in happening his parents. With people like Anand Bhai, the universe can non of all time be a peaceable topographic point. This struggle occurs in literature when a character disagrees with social values, beliefs and Torahs. This struggle is reasonably much the same as Man vs. Man but due to the fact that it stood out, it deserved to be in its ain class. In The Song of Kahunsha, Chamdi begs for money. Some people are really ill-mannered and they swear and spit at him, while others are generous and they give him some money. It is if all of society is against Chamdi and hence, he can non carry through his dream for a peaceable universe because of all of the offenders. The Song of Kahunsha takes topographic point in the orphanhood, the streets and slums of Mumbai, India. All of the chief characters, such as Chamdi, Sumdi, and Guddi live and seek to last on the streets of Mumbai. The clip when this stroy took topographic point is in the early 1990 ‘s. In fact, it takes topographic point in 1993. The narrative begins in the orphanhood, when Chamdi is merely an guiltless male child. Later, Chamdi escapes from the orphanhood and the remainder of the narrative takes topographic point in the streets and mopess of Mumbai. The narrative ‘s flood tide takes topographic point at Anand Bhai ‘s adda ( station ) . Overall, this narrative does non take topographic point outside of Mumbai. In my sentiment, the mood/atmosphere of the Song of Kahunsha is hopelessness. This is the temper of the narrative because of the unchanging letdown that Chamdi has to confront throughout this novel. An example of this is when Chamdi gets rejected by many people when he is out imploring for money. Another illustration of this is when Chamdi gets falsely accused of stealing from their stores. Unfortunate events like the aforesaid 1s have caused Chamdi to lose hope. In the expounding, a male child by the name of Chamdi is introduced. The narrative revolves around Chamdi, who is the chief character and the supporter. Chamdi has been abandoned by his parents at a little orphanhood in Mumbai, India. At the age of 10, Chamdi still resides in the really same orphanhood because he has nowhere to travel. His is still really guiltless and due to the fact that he has ne'er trespassed the walls of the orphanhood, he believes that Mumbai is an ideal metropolis, a metropolis of no saddness. Chamdi ever believes that his parents will come for him. Mrs. Sadiq, the orphanhood counselor, tells Chamdi narratives about the last clip she saw Chamdi ‘s male parent when he was running off from the orphanhood. At the orphanhood, Chamdi learns how to read and compose. The Hindu-Muslim public violences begin and Mrs. Sadiq tells the kids about the unsettled history between the Hindus and Muslims. This is when Chamdi dreams of a metropolis called Kahunsha ; a metr opolis of no unhappiness, a metropolis where there is peace and harmoniousness, a metropolis where the word â€Å" no † is non considered as a word. The trigger incident is when Mrs. Sadiq informs the kids that the orphanhood has to shut because of safety grounds ; the orphanhood is a really old edifice. Mrs. Sadiq tells the kids indirectly that they might hold to shack on the streets. This is when Chamdi has a strong impulse to happen his parents. During one dark, Chamdi escapes from the orphanhood because cipher notices at dark, non even Mrs. sadiq. The lifting action consists of Chamdi run intoing two siblings named Sumdi and Guddi. Like Chamdi, they excessively live on the streets. Guddi is the same age as Chamdi, while Sumdi is a few old ages older than Chamdi. They all become really close friends. This is when Chamdi faces world ; no one gives him any money, no one employs him, and all of the metropolis ‘s dwellers are cold blooded. This is nil compared to what Chamdi had dreamt of. Even though his dreams are shattered, Chamdi still does non give up in his pursuit to happen his parents. He tries to gain money the authoritative way- beggary. this is when he learns about a individual named Anand bhai. All of the vicinity mendicants work under Anand Bhai, who is a inhuman, unforgiving person who likes to see people enduring. Chamdi besides learns from Guddi that Anand bhai intentionally deforms people so that they can go more profitable mendicants. Chamdi besides watches a vicinity male child ‘s ear get cut away because he was n't following the codification of behavior. Chamdi, Guddi, and Sumdi draw to a decision that they will rob from Lord Ganesha ‘s temple and will take the following train, taking all of the money. Since Sumdi has one proper leg, he can non run. Therefore, Chamdi must be the 1 who commits this offense because of his lightning fast velocity. The flood tide of the narrative consists of Sumdi plotting out the whole robbery. The robbery twenty-four hours comes and Chamdi covers himself in oil so he can easy steal through the metal bars of the temple. Guddi and Sumdi distract all of the visitants. Nothing goes every bit planned ; there is a immense detonation in the temple and Sumdi dies on the topographic point while Guddi is badly injured. Chamdi begs Anand bhai to salvage Guddi because he is the lone individual that Chamdi knows who can make such a thing. In the falling action, Chamdi lies to Anand Bhai about a jewelry maker who ever leaves his store systematically during a specific portion of the twenty-four hours. He merely tells Anand Bhai after Anand Bhai agrees that he ‘ll Guddi. Guddi is put under Anand Bhai ‘s female parent. Anand Bhai finds out that Chamdi was lying wholly along. When Anand bhai was about to cut off Chamdi ‘s lingua, chamdi begs for forgiveness. Anand Bhai forgives Chamdi but merely less than one circumstance, Chamdi has to bomb a Muslim ‘s house. Chamdi does non desire to make it but he has no other option. Chamdi throws the bomb and makes a tally for his life. As a wages, anand bhai gives him fifty rupees which Chamdi spends on nutrient for Guddi. Now that chamdi has become an experient individual, he realises that his dreams were rather idealistic. The fresh ends off with Chamdi and Guddi gazing into the skyline. In The Song of Kahunsha, Innocence V. Experience has been displayed efficaciously and is the dominant subject. Chamdi starts off as an guiltless stripling in an orphanhood. He had no interactions with the outside environment, doing him highly guiltless. One dark, while urgently desiring to reunite with his parents, Chamdi escapes from the orphanhood, non cognizing the possible dangers skulking around him. He faced many rough times ; he faced world. For illustration, no employer would engage him as an employee, and no 1 would give Chamdi any money. Chamdi learned everything the difficult manner. From these escapades, Chamdi has grown into an experient adult male both physically and mentally. In The Song of Kahunsha, Following Your Dreams is besides considered a major subject. Chamdi owns nil but he still dreams that one twenty-four hours, he ‘ll populate in a perfect, harmonized and peaceable universe. These dreams were conducted when Chamdi was really immature, inexperient, and when he had no interactions with the outside universe. When Chamdi escapes the orphanhood, all of his dreams are shattered to pieces. With people like Anand Bhai, Chamdi ‘s dream can ne'er come true. Chamdi has to understand that this is world and there are people who say no, there are ill-mannered people, and there are public violences. From these awful experiences, Chamdi understands that his dreams were rather idealistic and he has to bury them and travel frontward. The narrative point of position in the Song of Kahunsha is Limited Omniscient in present tense. The writer uses a alone point of position. The reader merely knows about the ideas and feelings for merely one individual. This individual is the chief character and is besides the supporter. The narrative is told from Chamdi ‘s eyes. Here are a few illustrations of this: â€Å" Chamdi runs his custodies across his ribs, He tries to force his ribs in, but it is of no usage † ( Chapter 1, Page 6 ) â€Å" He stares at the H2O in the well. It is highly still and he wonders if he should leap in † ( Chapter 2, Page 26 ) â€Å" The Sun has come out and Chamdi stares at Amma ‘s scalp. The parts where hair has fallen out, or has been pulled out, are pink † ( Chapter 5, Page 94 ) This vocal is about a adult female who recalls her love for a adult male. She thought that their love would last for infinity but it did n't even last a fraction of what she had thought. She realizes how the adult male she one time loved is now merely a bantam portion of her yesteryear. I dreamed that love would ne'er decease. I dreamed that God would be forgiving. Then I was immature and fearless and all dreams were made and wasted. These lines briefly depict the adult female ‘s dreams. In her dreams, love ne'er dies and God is forgiving. Subsequently, she states that she when she was immature, she was fearless. This is because when you are immature, you merely have no thought of all of the possible dangers skulking around you. You merely do n't hold any of life ‘s experiences on your side. In the last line, she states that all of her dreams were made and wasted.. To me, this is likely the most of import line in this vocal because when you dream, you have no boundaries. This adult female had no boundaries in her dream and she applied the same dream to existent life, being unaware of the possible dangers. She applied it and she suffered ; her dream was shattered to pieces. But he was gone when fall came and I still dream that he ‘ll come to me. These two lines province the rough truth ; the adult female ‘s love left her all entirely but the hapless adult female still believes that he will certainly come back one twenty-four hours. The 2nd line provinces that you can maintain dreaming, even though it might non come true, everyone still has the power to dream. I had a dream my life would be, so different from the snake pit Iaa‚ ¬a„?m life, and now life has killed the dream I dreamed The last poetry is contrasting the adult female ‘s existent life to how she had dreamt it to be. She has described her life as snake pit and her dream was the entire antonym of what she is right now. Her life is what she is populating so it has killed her glorious dream. It is cardinal for us to woolgather, otherwise we ‘ll ne'er be able to accomplish or carry through anything in life. We must besides be ready for alteration, no affair how tragic it may be. The message of this vocal is that there are dreams that merely can non be and we should merely allow them travel. The subject of this vocal is Innocence vs Experience. The adult female was really guiltless because this was her really first love and relationship. She walked off from it as an experient individual in love and relationships. She now has realized that this is world and from this twenty-four hours on, she will look at relationships in a wholly different position. Associating the subject of this vocal to the novel was a challenge but with some job work outing accomplishments, nil is impossible! At the beginning of this vocal, the adult female describes herself as a really guiltless lady. Similar to the novel, Chamdi is a really guiltless psyche and he has hardly any experience with his milieus. In the in-between poetries of the vocal, the adult female describes all of the events that have happened to her. In the lifting action of the novel, Chamdi is seeking to last the streets of Mumbai. At the terminal of the vocal, the adult female compares the incident to a incubus and she develops into an experient adult female who will look at things in a wholly different manner. In the terminal of this novel, Chamdi additions experience from everything that was thrown at him in the lifting action of this novel. Overall, both characters start off inexperienced person and their experiences replace their artlessness at the terminal. Associating the vocal to existent life, you truly do n't cognize what life is traveling to throw at you, whether it is similar to the vocal ( adult female losing her love ) , or similar to the novel ( lasting rough conditions ) . Whatever it is, you have to be prepared. From mundane obstructions, you will get down to replace your artlessness with experience. Jamal Malik is the chief character and is the supporter. He and his older brother Salim live in the Juhu Slums of Mumbai, India. Their female parent passes off and their male parent is n't in the film ( likely, he excessively has passed off ) . Jamal and Salim flight when a greedy adult male named Maman makes an effort to flim-flam them into going mendicants. However, this action has a immense effect ; Jamal gets separated from the love of his life, Latika. Throughout the whole film, Jamal ‘s aim is to happen Latika, his fate. When he was a kid, he was ill-fed but the embonpoint visual aspect of his face, his actions and duologue made him an highly cunning male child. Jamal Malik is a contestant on the Indian version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. He has had many unusual yesteryear experiences, runing from life in the Juhu slums, to giving false Tourss at the Taj Mahal, are all hints that help him reply all of the inquiries in Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. His aim for being on the game show is non for all of the money ; it is to reunite with his lost love, Latika. Salim Malik is Jamal ‘s senior brother. He is slyer in comparing to Jamal. He is really cocky and likes things done his way- it ‘s merely who he is. Due to the fact that their parents have passed off, Salim is the 1 who ever takes charge. Latika is the miss of Jamal ‘s dreams. As a kid, Latika was really fun loving and carefree. The older she became, she became more serious and more mature. When Jamal and Salim flight on the train, Latika gets captured by Maman, who wanted to utilize Latika to do money, fundamentally for his ain good. For illustration, he makes her into a cocotte. Latika and Jamal reunite after a twosome of long old ages. Somehow, they get separated once more and Jamal becomes a contestant on Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. After Latika sees him on telecasting, with the aid of Salim, she escapes once more and for the 3rd clip, she and Jamal are reunited. Maman is the vicinity mobster in Slumdog Millionaire. He is really cagey and gets younger kids to implore for him and receives about all of their net incomes. Jamal and Salim have fled on the train because they found out the Maman was taking out guiltless kids ‘s eyes with spoons so they could go more profitable. Prem Kumar is the host of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire ( Indian version ) . He suspects Jamal of rip offing. During a commercial interruption, when in the washroom, Prem tells Jamal the incorrect reply to the inquiry. Jamal does non take his reply and sticks with his ain reply, and he gets it correct. This is when Prem calls the constabulary. Sergeant Srinivas is the inspector who interrogates Jamal. From his physical visual aspect, he seems really tough and intimidating. After oppugning Jamal for the bulk of the film, Sergeant Srinivas draws to a decision that Jamal is surely non rip offing and is an guiltless psyche. After watching Slumdog Millionaire, I have drawn to a decision that the chief struggle in this film is Man vs. Man. From the beginning, Jamal ‘s dream and end is to reunite with Latika, his true love. Man vs. Man is the dominant struggle because there are many adversaries in this novel who try to halt Jamal from making his end. Maman is merely one illustration, Jamal and Salim made it safely onto the train but Latika was captured by Maman ‘s work forces. Therefore, Latika was segregated from Jamal. After long old ages of seperation, Jamal and Latika reunite. Latika gets separated from Jamal once more when she is forced to day of the month a in-between aged rich adult male and as a consequence, she is forced to travel off. Due to this incident, Latika gets isolated from Jamal. Jamal eventually finds the perfect solution as he becomes a contestant on Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. Therefore, Latika knows where his present location is and they reunite one more clip. In the twelvemonth of 2006, in Mumbai, Jamal Malik who an 18 twelvemonth old contestant on Kaun Banega Karore Pati ( Who Wants to Be a Millionaire ) , is one inquiry off from the expansive award, one inquiry off from winning one million dollars. Just before the expansive award inquiry, he gets interrogated by the constabulary. The constabulary have detained him because they suspect that he has been rip offing wholly along ( you would besides believe that because how could a â€Å" slumdog † perchance know all of the replies ) Jamal describes, through flashbacks the big assortment of unusual incidents that his life has provided him the replies to all of the inquiries with. All of these flashbacks tell the buttocks the scene narratives of the three chief characters, Jamal, Salim, and Latika. The narrative begins when Jamal is about five old ages old. Jamal receives an autograph of Amitabh Bachan ( celebrated Bollywood histrion ) . His brother, Sanchez, so sells the autograph to do some speedy money. Merely when this happens, their female parent dies during the Bombay public violences. Soon after, Jamal and Salim meet Latika, a miss from their slum. Jamal readily accepts Latika as a friend but Salim does n't. The three kids are so found and captured by Maman, who is a mobster and is a portion of their slum, Maman fast ones and trains the kids of the slums into going mendicants. One dark Jamal, Salim, and Latika in secret find out that Maman is blinding kids ( taking their eyes out with spoons, it`s really gross outing ) . He`s blinding them so ordinary people will experience really regretful for them and give them more money. The three kids believe that it`s non safe to implore under Maman, so they take the train and flee. Jamal and Salim make it safely onto the train but unluckily, Latika doesn`t and she is recaptured by Maman`s crew. During the following few old ages, Jamal and Salim make a batch of money going in secret on top of trains, by in secret picking pockets, selling stolen goods, rinsing dishes, by being bogus circuit ushers at the Taj Mahal, and stealing guiltless people`s places. After they have made a batch of money, Jamal and Salim both go travel back to Mumbai in their quest to happen Latika. They discover from one of Maman`s friends that Latika has been raised to go a cocotte and she is Maman`s most valuable slave. The two brothers discover her location, happen her and shoot Maman, killing him. Salim so has an matter with Latika and Tells Jamal to acquire lost. After many long old ages, Jamal is working as a tea male child at an Indian call Centre. In his trim clip, Jamal searches the centre`s database for Salim and Latika. He successfully finds his brother, Salim, but fails happening Latika. Salim isn`t regretful for his past actions but merely apologizes for them at gunpoint. Jamal so reunites with Latika. Moments subsequently, Latika gets kidnapped by Javed`s pack ( Maman`s rival pack ) . As a consequence, Jamal loses any contact with Latika. Javed and Latika move off from Mumbai. Jamal tries to reunite with her by being a contestant on Kaun Banega Karore Pati ( Who Wants to Be a Millionaire ) . Jamal makes it to the concluding inquiry, and becomes the top narrative in all of India. For the 2nd last inquiry, Jamal uses his 2nd last line of life. Prem Kumar ( show host ) intentionally gives him the incorrect reply during the interruption. Jamal still gets the inquiry right and so the constabulary flatboat in, surmising that he`s cheating. In the question room, the inspector believes that Jamal is true and kindly allows him to return to the show. Salim on the other manus, helps Latika flight and commits suicide, along with killing Javed. For the concluding inquiry, Jamal uses his concluding line of life and calls his brother. Latika succeeds in replying the phone merely before Jamal was about to hang up. With fortune, Jamal gets the inquiry right and wins 20,000,000 rupees. The film ends by demoing Latika and Jamal caressing, as the film fades out to black. The subject of Innocence V. Experience is displayed absolutely in the film Slumdog Millionaire. Changes like this occur over clip with many interactions with the outside environment. The subject was foremost introduced when Jamal is on Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, when he is one inquiry off from one million dollars. This is connoting that Jamal is n't guiltless and that throughout his life, he ‘s had a big assortment of escapades and these experiences have helped him reply all of the inquiries taking up to the concluding inquiry. The novel has many flashbacks, one for each of the inquiries that Jamal has answered. With these unusual escapades, Jamal lost all of his artlessness and became an experient adult male. For illustration, when Jamal was a bogus circuit usher at the Taj Mahal, he recieved an American hundred dollar measure from one of the tourers as a tip. Coincidentally, there was a inquiry on the game show about the American hundred dollar measure. ( Whose face is on the American hundred dollar measure — Benjamin Franklin ) . This relates to the novel The Song of Kahunsha absolutely because in the beginning of the novel, Chamdi, the chief character and the supporter, starts off really guiltless. Through his many existent life experiences, Chamdi grows both physically and mentally into an experient adult male. The same goes for the film, from his first flashback, Jamal is really guiltless because he had no interactions with the outside universe. In his last flashback, Jamal has gone through a big assortment of escapades which have transformed him into an experient adult male. You can detect this alteration from his actions and from what he says. Overall, both Jamal and Chamdi start off inexperienced person and through their existent life interactions, they evolve into experient work forces. Anosh Irani is a novelist and dramatist who was born in the twelvemonth of 1974. He was both born and raised in the metropolis of Mumbai, India. He subsequently moved to Vancouver and he ne'er looked back. He besides received the Bachelor ‘s Degree in Creative authorship as he graduated from the University of British Columbia. Even as a kid, Anosh had a great involvement in authorship and he would pass most of his free clip composing originative pieces. The Song of Kahunsha is really Anosh ‘s 2nd novel. His first novel was The Cripple and His Talismans and his 3rd novel was Dahanu Road. Together, his three books have won more than 10 awards while the Song of Kahunsha has won four awards all by itself.

How To Make Kastle-Meyer Solution

The Kastle-Meyer test is a simple, reliable and inexpensive test to detect blood. Here is how to prepare the Kastle-Meyer solution used for the forensic test. Kastle-Meyer Solution Materials 0.1 g phenolphthalein powder25% w/v sodium hydroxide solution (aqueous)0.1 g mossy zincdistilled water70% ethanol Procedure In a test tube, dissolve 0.1 g phenolphthalein in 10.0 ml of 25% sodium hydroxide solution.Add 0.1 g mossy zinc to the tube. The solution should be bright pink.Add a boiling chip and gently boil the solution until it changes color to become colorless or pale yellow. Add water, as necessary, to maintain the volume during boiling.Allow the solution to cool. Decant the liquid and dilute it to 100 ml with 70 ethanol. This is the Kastle-Meyer solution.Store the solution in a tightly-capped blue or brown bottle.

Creating An Economic Area Of Higher Productivity And...

How to Create an Economic Area of Higher Productivity and Greater Yield Reilly Roberts Jesse O. Sanderson High School Abstract This paper explores the ways in which a team of entrepreneurs can use product/service management, strategic management, and channel management in an effort to shift their small business’s economic resources to an area of higher productivity and greater yield. By using 5 different sources, one can acquire a better understanding of what these terms mean, how they apply to the world of entrepreneurship, and how to best utilize these items in a way that allows a company to maximize their revenue and increase their company’s brand image. Throughout this paper, the company LizardBox will be showcased as well as the means by which this company expects to expand their brand image, profit margin, customer service and overall performance. How to Create an Economic Area of Higher Productivity and Greater Yield Establishing a new, small business is no new concept. People do this all the time. LizardBox, a new and unique phone case producing company, was established in January 2016. Because this company is currently attempting to stabilize and invent themselves along with attempting to increase their brand image, they need to create a plan for which they will be able to increase their economic productivity and thus generate a higher yield. By utilizing the principles of product/service management, strategic management, and channel management, this company willShow MoreRelatedIs Food Production A Growing Concern?1473 Words   |  6 Pagesgrowing global population and changing diets within developing countries stretch current production techniques to the limit. The total global human population is expected to increase by 34% by 2050 with this growth occurring predominately in developing areas and with the greatest relative population increase of 120% occurring in todays least developed countr ies (How to feed the world in 2050, 2009). The development of these countries and the associated rise in prosperity has resulted in shifting dietsRead MoreEssay Food Secuirty and Malnutition in the World829 Words   |  4 Pagesfor products such as eggs, milk, and meat, which take a toll on the environment. The growing population and the increased need for different types of foods have led to a greater use of modern industrial agriculture techniques. In order to meet the world’s dietary needs farmers given up long-term sustainability for higher crop yields at the cost of the environment. The expansion of globalization resulted in several nutritional trends and problems. From the1980s until now, there was a decline in theRead MoreImpact Of Climate Change On The Environment1652 Words   |  7 PagesBiodiversity is one of many areas impacted by climate change. Species and ecosystem modeling has shown that there are potential changes that can occur certain key biodiversity sectors (McMahon et al., 2011). 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The paper focuses on four main strategies: improving yields and efficiency on existing croplands, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, water quality degradation, and water use in agriculture, switching animal feed crop production to human-edible crops, and reducing food waste. The authors provide a wideRead MoreArguments for and Against Genetically Modified Food1366 Words   |  6 Pagesused to improve our lifestyle, is by engineering the deoxyribonucleic acid into ways which can alter food supplies to make them bigger, taste better, resistant to pests and even make them have a greater concentration of nutrients. Of course this is great news to the human population, in terms of economic and life-saving values for third world countries, yet there are still disadvantages. With all the good news that comes from these altered crops, concerns are still among people. These concerns include;Read MoreThe Impact Of Climate Change In Australia And The Environment1549 Words   |  7 Pageslevels, the issues of water scarcity, pol lution, and soil degradation are also now playing a large factor in today’s struggles. Small differences in weather or more specifically temperature can affect a farmer’s crop more than we realise. Crops with a higher level of average temperature will require more water in order to stay alive, however due to the weather being more infrequent and less predictable less rain fall is occurring and therefore water is becoming scarce. Source: Based on Ignaciuk andRead MoreThe Food And Drug Administration1740 Words   |  7 PagesUnpredictable weather such, as rising temperatures, colder temperatures, excessive flooding, and droughts are just a few of the increasing weather instabilities, which are challenging and threatening today’s agriculture growth and production. As such, crop yields continue to decline and present a risk to future food security. As a world, we are facing an adaptation deficit leaving us very vulnerable and thus, we must seek to find alternative resources to adapt and mitigate the risk to agriculture. One solutionRead MoreIs a Common Currency in Europe Sustainable? Essay1701 Words   |  7 PagesThe continued existence of the Eurozone is in question, as demanded bond yields in Italy and Greece ascend to new heights, and governments are unable to budget their future outlays. Austerity is often proposed as a means to allow these troubled governments to pay back their debts in the future , but many question whether it can truly lead to growth. The breakup of the Eurozone, while very possible, threatens to spread financial instability to other European nations and even the United States. Originally

Advertising in the 20th Century - 1193 Words

HISTORY 4990 Artifact Paper- 7UP and Early Advertising Molly Marton February 17, 2011 Advertising as it is known today finds its roots in the industrial expansion of the 1880s. The mass production and the lowering of prices on consumer goods meant that more items were available to more people than ever before. The construction of the transcontinental railroads provided a national market for a companys goods. Advertising a product changed from simply announcing the existence of a product in a dull, dry fashion to persuading the public they needed and deserved to own the product. By developing repeat customers, advertising also helped build brand loyalty for the company. Brand loyalty helps sell other existing and new products to†¦show more content†¦As time went on the advertisements became more complex with lengthy paragraphs that tell you why you need the product, what the product can do for you, and the social and medical benefits the product offers. â€Å"They provided more objective information about the product than subjective information about the hope s and anxieties of the consumer†. In the reading, â€Å"Apostles of Modernity† the author makes a claim that early advertisements were playing off of social anxieties the American public was experiencing at the time due to the shift in norms and values of the evolving American society. Lears explains, â€Å"by the early twentieth century that outlook had begun to give way to a new set of values sanctioning periodic leisure, compulsive spending, apolitical passivity, and an apparently permissive morality of individual fulfillment.† The older culture was suited to a production-oriented society of small entrepreneurs; the newer culture epitomized a consumption-oriented society dominated by bureaucratic corporations.† Scare copy advertising became prominent as the decade progressed. Negative appeal, scare copy sought to jolt the personal consumer into a new consciousness by enacting dramatic episodes of social failures and accusing judgments. Once the dramatic motion was made by the ad it stepped in to offer its help, like a friendly neighbor. 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The economy was good and people were happy. Capitalizing on the post-war economic boom of the 1950s were advertisers. Advertising persuaded many, it told people what was popular, what was good, and what to buy. Advertising and glossy magazines were found everywhere, in the street, the highway, and even at the comfort of your own house as you opened the newspaper. This mass marketing phenomenon was incorporated with the

Nursing Practice and Profession Abstract Free Essays

Abstract Nurses committed to the interpersonal caring hold themselves accountable for the human well being of patients entrusted to their health care. Being accountable means being attentive and responsive to the health care needs of individual patient. It means that my concern for the patient transcends whatever happens during my shift, and that I ensure continuity of care when I leave the patient. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Practice and Profession Abstract or any similar topic only for you Order Now In today’s highly fragmented system of care, patients often find themselves unable to point to any one care giver who knows the overall situation and is capable and willing to coordinate the efforts of the healthcare team. Being responsive and responsible earns a patient’s trust that â€Å"all will be well† as the healthcare needs are addressed. This will be the central them of this paper in the quest of establish the nurse’s accountabilities in evaluating or implementing change. Nurses who are sensitive to the legal dimensions of practice are careful to develop a strong sense of both ethical and legal accountability. Competent practice is a nurses’ best legal safeguard. When working to develop ethical and legal accountabilities, nurses must recognize that both deficiencies and or excesses of responsible caring are problematic. Although it is reasonable to hold oneself accountable for promoting the human well being of the patients, nurses can err by setting unrealistic standards of responsiveness and responsibility for themselves. Prudence is always necessary to balance responsible self care with care for others. Inexperienced nurses might feel totally responsible for effecting patient outcomes beyond their control and become frustrated and sad when unable to produce the desired outcome Conversations about what is reasonable to hold ourselves and others accountable for are always helpful. Each employing institution or agency providing nursing service has an obligation to establish a process for reporting and handling practices by individual or by health care systems that jeopardizes a patient’s health or safety. The American Nurses Association code of Ethics obligates nurses to report professional conduct that is incompetent, unethical or illegal. For nurses, incompetent practice in measured by nursing standards, unethical practice is evaluated in light of the professional codes of ethics, while illegal practice is identified in terms of violation of federal legislations and laws. Nurses must respect the accountability and responsibility inherent in their roles.   They have the moral obligations in the provision of nursing care, hence they collaborate with other health care providers in providing comprehensive health care, recognizing the perspective and expertise of each member.   Nurses have a moral right to refuse to participate in procedures that may violate their own personal moral conscience since they are entitled to conscientious objection. They must keep all information obtained in a professional capacity confidential and employ professional judgment in sharing this information on a need to know basis. Nurses are expected to protect individuals under their care against lack of privacy by confining their verbal communications only to appropriate personnel; settings, and to professional purposes. They are obliged to adhere to practice that limits access to personal records to appropriate personnel. They must value the promotion of a social as well as economic environment that supports and sustains health and well-being. It includes the involvement in the detection of ill effects of the environment on the health of the patient as well as the ill effects of human activities to the natural environment. They must acknowledge that the social environment in which the patient inhabits has an impact on health. Nurses must respect the rights of individuals to make informed choices in relation to their care. They have this responsibility to inform individuals about the care available to them, and the choice to accept or reject that care.   If the person is not able to speak for themselves, nurses must ensure the availability of someone to represent them. It is vital to respect the decisions made concerning the individual’s care. Standards of care are one measure of quality.   Quality nursing care provides care by qualified individuals. Likewise, the individual needs, values, and culture of the patient relative to the provision of nursing care is important to be respected and considered hence it should not be compromised for reasons of ethnicity, gender, spiritual values, disability, age, economic, social or health status, or any other grounds.   Respect for an individual’s needs includes recognition of the individual’s place in a family and the community. It is due to this reason that others should be included in the provision of care, most significantly the family members. Respect for needs, beliefs and values includes culturally sensitive care, and the need for comfort, dignity, privacy and alleviation of pain and anxiety as much as possible. â€Å"Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a problem solving approach to clinical practice that integrates the conscientious use of best evidence in combination with a clinician’s expertise as well as patient preferences and values to make decisions about the type of care that is provided† (Melnyk, 2004). Quality of care outcomes refers to accuracy and relevance demonstrated by the decisions concerning the need for medical and surgical intervention. Evidence of appropriateness in healthcare is necessary to improve health outcomes, balance costs, provide guidance to physicians and meet the need of the new informed health consumer. Appropriateness is unlike effectiveness since the later refers to the degree in which an intervention achieves the objectives set (Muir Gray, 1997). One criterion of appropriateness is that of necessity. As technology and improved methods of care has advanced, access to appropriate interventions should likewise improve. Today some interventions are still limited such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in rural communities and since access to this technology is limited, a criterion of necessity is used to determine who is able to access and how quickly. Therefore although use of MRI may be appropriate in diagnostics, it may be underused. Advancements in technology, interventions and clinical research will provide updated evidence which in turn would affect ratings of appropriateness (Muir Gray, 1997). Clinical guideline statements are developed from evidence to assist healthcare practitioners in making appropriate health interventions (Woolf, Grol, Hutchinson, Eccles Grimshaw, 1999). The clinical guideline may be a general statement or concise instruction on which diagnostic test to order or how best to treat a specific condition. The purpose of clinical guidelines is as a tool for making decisions that will result in more consistent and efficient care. Guidelines are not rules nor are they mandatory. The benefits of clinical guidelines include: Improved health outcomes; Increased beneficial/appropriate care; Consistency of care; Improved patient information; Ability to positively influence policy; Provide direction to health care practitioners; References Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.). Outcomes research fact sheet. [Online]. Available: https://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/clinicians-providers/guidelines-recommendations/index.html Brook, R.H. (1994). Appropriateness: The next frontier. [Online]. Available: http://www.bmj.com/content/308/6923/218.full?ijkey=t7GNbMJu0NIhA Fitch, K., Bernstien, S. J., Aguilar, M. D., Burand, B., LaCalle, J. R., Lazaro, P. van het Loo, McDonnell, J., Vader, J. P., Kahan, J. P. (2001). The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method user’s manual. [Online]. Available: http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1269.html? John A. Hartford Foundation. (n.d.). [Online]. Available: http://www.johnahartford.org/ Muir Gray, J.A. (1997). Evidence-based healthcare: How to make health policy and management decisions, New York: Churchill Livingstone. Woolf, S. H., Grol, R., Hutchinson, A., Eccles, M., Grimshaw, J. (1999). Clinical guidelines: Potential benefits, limitations and harms of clinical guidelines. [Online]. Available: http://www.bmj.com/content/318/7182/527.full How to cite Nursing Practice and Profession Abstract, Essay examples

Mental Health Service Delivery and Philosophy

Question: Discuss about the Mental Health Service Delivery and Philosophy. Answer: Australia has been known to spend a huge amount of money on an annual basis for supporting individuals with mental illness. Mental health services in the country are comprised of a diversified and complex network of service providers and care settings, with overlapping and mixed responsibilities for funding, expenditure and service delivery (Sodhi?Berry et al., 2014). It is highlighted in the recent past that the mental health service delivery and philosophy in Australia has witnessed a major change since pre-deinstitutionalisation and the advent of the Recovery Framework in the country. The present essay critically analyses the impact of this measure on the mental health of individuals of the country with mental illness as well as on the consumer experience. The essay has the focus on what mental health services were delivered before the deinstitutionalisation and the general idea of what the Recovery Framework is and how its implementation has been considered in Australia. The essa y is supported by a rich pool of evidence from the relevant field. Deinstitutionalisation is the process of replacement of long-stay psychiatric hospitals with provision for community mental health services that are less isolated in nature. The process of deinstitunalisation acts in two distinct ways; the first focuses on reforms brought about in the mental hospitals processes for the reduction of reinforcement of hopelessness, helplessness and maladaptive behaviour, and the second focuses on the reduction of the population size of mental institutes through the release of patients and shortened stays. Australian mental health care sector has adopted this policy of deinstituionalisation in the last three decades, and the process still continues, however, at a slower rate (Rosen et al., 2014). Goldman (2014) has highlighted that a major argument for deinstitutionalisation is the financial expediency disagreement suggesting that community care can be more cost effective when compared to institutional care. Recovery is a representation of a new paradigm in the arena of mental health services that has come up in the last two decades, bringing transformational changes in the process of care delivery. It derives from different disparate bodies of knowledge and research. Studies have shown that individuals with serious mental illness show clinical improvements with the passage of time. Approaches resting upon recovery method puts up a chance to apply a transformative conceptual framework for culture and services in the sector. What lies at the core of this culture is the insights and lived experiences of the individuals suffering from mental health issues. The Recovery concept is associated with individuals who describe their experiences and affirm own identity beyond the constrictions of the diagnosis made (Slade et al., 2014). The National Framework for recovery-oriented mental health services in Australia supports high quality recovery-oriented service practice and delivery that is consi stent is nature on a national basis. The framework is responsible for describing the main capabilities and the practice domains required for the mental health workforce in order to operate as per the recovery approach of care. Guidance is also provided by the framework on tailoring recovery-oriented services for responding to the diversity of individuals suffering from mental health issues. The development has been emphasized by exclusive consultation, research and lived experience. The recovery concept has been incorporated on an initial basis in the National Mental Health Plan 2003-2008 within the theme of prevention and promotion of mental health illness. The recent National Mental Health Policy 2008 adopts an approach that undertakes a whole of government feature (Piat Sabetti, 2009). Consistent research has indicated the high rate of mental illness in the community and the impact on the lives of individuals suffering from mental illness as well as their family members and carers. The government has suitably identified the concern and focused on different policies for addressing the issues. Prior to the deinstitutionalisation and the Recovery Framework, mental health counsellors had been working mainly with individuals who struggled with challenges like developmental issues and marital conflict but were healthy. Individuals with mental illness were put in healthcare settings and were dealt at an institutional level. The deinstitutionalisation legislation brought a section of people into the society that exhibited major important symptoms of mental disturbances. This proved to be a challenge for the health system as well as the mental health counsellors (Cleary et al., 2014). Mechanic et al., (2013) identify that deinstitutionalisation of the healthcare settings and decamping of certain mental health care services has a vital impact on the mental health system as well as the patients, counsellor and all the agencies. For patients who suffer from serous mental illness, it is a significant challenge to learn to live in a community setting and difficult to triumph over the challenge. Shen and Snowden (2014) argue that the advantages for deinstitutionalisation have been traced in the professional literature, that holds true for Australia too. The benefits can be attributed to the better quality of life outside the institutions and independence achieved by the clients, reduction in needs for psychotropic medication and increased adaptability to change and increased socialisation. Though the concept of deinstitutionalisation may seem to be beneficial in theory, in practice it may fail to be beneficial. It may not work out to be as good as planned. Individuals w ho are supposed to be benefited by the process of deinstitutionalisation may become homeless, victimised and isolated. Individuals released from the institutions may exhibit deteriorated conditions, and loss of lives may also become an issue. Kliewer et al., (2009) has suggested that the community, in general, is afraid of the individuals who suffer from mental illness as they are thought to be dangerous. This certain notion often leads to victimisation, stigmatisation, rejection and harassment. Support for these individuals is, therefore, less, and they are found to be at an increased risk of self-harm. In place of getting absorbed in to the community, individuals with mental illness trade the isolation of healthcare settings for the isolation of home. It has been indicated by many studies that individuals with mental illness are victims of crime and violence at a much higher rate. Wexler (2013) in this regard states that an additional challenge due to deinstitutionalisation is the incarceration of the patients with mental illness. Studies exploring the connection between crime and homelessness and deinstitutionalisation have suggested a statistically noteworthy correlation between homelessness and deinstitutionalisation and a more significant relationship present between criminal activity and deinstitutionalisation. It can be concluded that deinstitutionalisation, though provides freedom, does not work to solve the issues for the prerequisite of mental health care services. The recovery approach adopted by Australia is beneficial for the community as it recognises the importance of lived experience and successfully provides a chance for exchange of skills, knowledge and expertise. The approach challenge traditional and customary notions and concepts by breaking down most of the conventional demarcation between health care professionals and patients. Within this paradigm, all individuals are respected for the strength and experience they had and showed dignity (McGorry et al., 2013). At the end of the discussion, it can be concluded that deinstitutionalisation and provision for Recovery Framework in the country of Australia are having a profound impact upon the care services provided and the counselling profession. Though the development of deinstituionaliatin and incorporation of mental health care services into the Australian community is to be encouraged, the major challenges that it brings along cannot be neglected. Mental health care professionals are being forced to give an appropriate response to the change brought about in the health care sector, and they are striving to gain additional skills and competencies for addressing the new needs. All failures pertaining to deinstituionalisation are a result of errors in implement models of care and support. Mental health services are to be improved in future in Australia and aftercare components are to be given more attention. References Cleary, M., Jackson, D., Hungerford, C. L. (2014). Mental health nursing in Australia: resilience as a means of sustaining the specialty.Issues in mental health nursing,35(1), 33-40. Goldman, H. H. (2014). Community psychiatry in the United States 50 years after the Community Mental Health Centers Act.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences,23(1), 1. Kliewer, S. P., Melissa, M., Trippany, R. L. (2009). Deinstitutionalization: Its Impact on Community Mental Health Centers and the Seriously Mentally Ill.Alabama Counseling Association Journal,35(1), 40-45. McGorry, P., Bates, T., Birchwood, M. (2013). Designing youth mental health services for the 21st century: examples from Australia, Ireland and the UK.The British Journal of Psychiatry,202(s54), s30-s35. Mechanic, D., McAlpine, D. D., Rochefort, D. A. (2013).Mental health and social policy: Beyond managed care. Pearson Higher Ed. Piat, M., Sabetti, J. (2009). The development of a recovery-oriented mental health system in Canada: What the experience of commonwealth countries tells us.Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health,28(2), 17-33. Rosen, A., OHalloran, P., Mezzina, R., Thompson, K. S. (2014). International trends in community-oriented mental health services.Community-Oriented Health Services: Practices Across Disciplines, 315. Shen, G. C., Snowden, L. R. (2014). Institutionalization of deinstitutionalization: a cross-national analysis of mental health system reform.International journal of mental health systems,8(1), 47. Slade, M., Amering, M., Farkas, M., Hamilton, B., O'Hagan, M., Panther, G., ... Whitley, R. (2014). Uses and abuses of recovery: implementing recovery?oriented practices in mental health systems.World Psychiatry,13(1), 12-20. Sodhi?Berry, N., Preen, D. B., Alan, J., Knuiman, M., Morgan, V. A. (2014). Pre?sentence mental health service use by adult offenders in Western Australia: Baseline results from a longitudinal whole?population cohort study.Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health,24(3), 204-221. Wexler, D. B. (2013).Mental health law: Major issues(Vol. 4). Springer Science Business Media.